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Science 9 > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

Aristotle

A

Said, “No.” Said everything was made of 4elements. ~400BC VS Democritus

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2
Q

Dalton

A

Said elements each their own unique atoms. “Compounds= combos of different atoms. Stupid symbol guy.
1766-1844 VS Berzelius

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3
Q

Berzelius

A

Uses Latin for elements. 1779-1848 VS Dalton

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4
Q

Why Latin?

A

Language of learning. 1st letter=uppercase, 2nd=lower if necisarry

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5
Q

Metals are

A

Shiny, malleable, ductile, conductors of heat+energy

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6
Q

Non metals are

A

The opposite of metals

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7
Q

Periodic law states

A

Many of the physical and chemical properties of elements.

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8
Q

Why is it called the periodic table?

A

Observations would repeat.

Patterns in elements

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9
Q

Democritus

A

1st to say matter is made of tiny particles. Broke it down to atom level.
400BC VS Aristotle

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10
Q

Solids

A

Mass: constant
Volume: constant
Shape: constant

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11
Q

Liquid

A

Mass: constant
Volume: constant
Shape: changes to container

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12
Q

Gas

A

Mass: constant
Volume: changes
Shape: changes to container

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13
Q

All matter is

A

Made of small particles in constant motion

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14
Q

Between the particles there is

A

Empty space. The space and particles are too small to be seen

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15
Q

In solids

A

Particles are locked in a crystal structure and can only vibrate.

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16
Q

In liquids

A

Particles are further apart and flow/move quicker than solids

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17
Q

In gases

A

Particles are far apart and move quickly

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18
Q

Heat/energy makes particles

A

Move faster

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19
Q

KMT

A

Kinetic Molecule Theory

Moving

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20
Q

Two types of matter

A

Pure substances and mixtures

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21
Q

Two types of pure substances

A

Elements and compounds

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22
Q

Three types of mixtures

A

Mechanical, solution and suspension

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23
Q

Homogeneous

A

The same/ evenly mixed together. Liquids and/or gases

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24
Q

Heterogeneous

A

Different/ not in uniform. Distinguishable

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25
Q

Example of a pure substance

A

Oxygen or carbon

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26
Q

Example of an element

A

Mercury or oxygen

27
Q

Example of a compound

A

Sodium chloride or cup of tea

28
Q

Example of a mixture

A

Carbon dioxide, fruit juice combo or cigar smoke

29
Q

Example of a suspension

A

Banana split or crude oil

30
Q

Example of a solution

A

Stainless steel, cup of tea or banana split

31
Q

SPDF

A

Simple Principle Diffuse Fundamental

32
Q

Melting is

A

Solid to a liquid

33
Q

Freezing is

A

Liquid to a solid

34
Q

Sublimation is

A

Gas to a solid OR Solid to a gas

35
Q

Evaporation is

A

Liquid to a gas

36
Q

Condensation is

A

Gas to a liquid

37
Q

In a physical change

A

Chemical formula does not change, no new molecules.

38
Q

In a chemical change

A

New substance(s) are formed, new properties and molecules

39
Q

Clues for a chemical change

A

New colour, smoke/bubbles, heat, light, ppt, often difficult to reverse

40
Q

Matter is anything that

A

Has mass+volume

41
Q

Air and glass both

A

Have mass and volume

42
Q

Melting point

A

Solid to a liquid

43
Q

Boiling point

A

Liquid changes to gas

44
Q

Revisions to Dalton’s theory

A

Matter must contain + and - charges. Opposites attract, like repel.

45
Q

Thomson’s revision

A

“Raisin bun”. Atoms contain electrons, randomly. Can be removed or added.

46
Q

Rutherford’s revisions

A

A nucleus with protons and neutrons.

47
Q

Positive charges attract

A

Negative charges

48
Q

Why don’t noble gases combine

A

“Perfect”

49
Q

Bohr’s revisions

A

Electrons inside a shell, cannot exist between them.

50
Q

Ion is a

A

Charged atom

51
Q

Names of the periodic table groups

A

Alkali metals, transitional metals, halogens, rare earth metals, alkaline earth metals, noble gases

52
Q

Order of the scientists

A

DADBTRB

53
Q

Polyatomic Ions

A

Groups of atoms with an imbalance of total electrons and protons. Covalently bonded

54
Q

Valence bond

A

On the outside taking/losing electrons

55
Q

Covalent bond

A

Sharing electrons

56
Q

Alloy

A

Solid that contain metals or metals & non-metals, usually no set proportion

57
Q

Elements that come in more than one flavour

A

Tin

58
Q

Solubility

A

The degree to which a substance will dissolve in liquid

59
Q

Corrosion

A

Something rusting/oxidizing

60
Q

Isotope

A

Forms of the same element with equal protons and different # of neutrons

61
Q

Monovalent

A

One ion charge

62
Q

Multivalent

A

Multiple ion charges, only after #20

63
Q

Law of definite proportions

A

A specific compound always contains the same elements in definite proportions -JP

Science 9 (4 decks)

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