Chemistry 3 Flashcards
What is our atmosphere?
It is the layer of gas surrounding our planet
How old is our planet?
4.6 billion yrs old
Where does most of our evidence for the past on our planet come from?
Our neighbouring planets venus and mars
What use to cover our planet?
volcanoes
What gas did the volcanoes release?
water vapour
carbon dioxide
nitrogen
How were the oceans formed?
They were formed because the water vapour in the atmosphere condensed as the Earth cooled, and fell as rain filling the hollows in the Earth’s crust, forming the first ocean.
When did life begin to appear?
3.4 billion years ago
___ and ____ began to evolve.
Bacteria and algae
What is the word equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + water —> glucose + oxygen
How did carbon dioxide levels drop?
They dropped because of photosynthesis.
How was the atmosphere formed?
It was formed by gases released from the volcanoes.
Where did all of the carbon go that was in our atmosphere?
Plants use the glucose to grow which means that the carbon that was in our atmosphere is trapped in plants.
When animals eat plants which produce carbon dioxide, what do they use the carbon for?
They use it to make their skeletons and shells.
How can you tell if a rock has carbon in it?
You can add acid and it will fizz
What are the 3 fossil fuels?
Coal, oil and gas
When did fossil fuels form?
500 million years ago
When do living creatures turn into fossil fuels?
When they die and decompose
How was coal, oil and gas formed?
They were formed from the remains of living organisms.
How are the gases in our atmosphere held together?
by gravity
True or false: gases have mass
true
What are the natural green house gases?
water vapour and carbon dioxide
How much oxygen was there before humans?
0.028 %
Why are green house gases important?
they keep us warm
How has methane been released into the atmosphere?
Humans put it in the atmosphere because of padifields (rice) and cattle growing. In order to do these we must remove trees in order to make space which causes less oxygen to be put out in the atmosphere.
What would happen to birds if everything happens earlier in the season?
They will not have food because the caterpillars would have turned into butterflies which is their food so they will starve.
What weather effects will be experienced because of climate change?
More violent storms
Sea levels will rise
Flooding
Draught
Why will the sea level rise?
It will rise because the Antarctic ice will melt as it floats, it is sea ice not land ice.
What cities will be threatened by flooding?
coastal cities
How does carbon dioxide effect our oceans?
It makes them more acidic meaning the coral will loose its colour and die.
Why do we use satellites?
We use them to measure the temperature of the land and ocean and to also measure the height of the sea in cm. They are very accurate. They also predict natural disasters and Carbon dioxide levels.
What are pollutants caused by?
impurities in fossil fuels and incomplete combustion by fossil fuels.
When an incomplete combustion occurs, what does it form?
carbon monoxide and carbon particulates (soot)
What causes global dimming?
Carbon particulates
What gases do car exhausts let out?
petrol diesel carbon carbon monoxide carbon dioxide water sulphur
Since car engines are very hot, what does it cause?
they cause nitrogen and oxygen to react to form nitrogen oxide.
What can nitrogen oxide cause?
they cause breathing problems. it can also react with water to form acid rain.
