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Year 9 - Science > Chemistry 2 > Flashcards

Chemistry 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Why do metals give a coloured flame?

A

When you heat a metal you give it energy which makes it ‘excited’. They have different colours depending on how much energy they give out. After they have been ‘excited’ the electrons drop back to their original energy level.

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1
Q

What coloured flame does Strontium have?

A

red

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2
Q

What coloured flame does Barium have?

A

Green

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3
Q

What coloured flame does Calcium have?

A

Orange/red

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4
Q

What coloured flame does Potassium have?

A

Lilac

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5
Q

What coloured flame does Sodium have?

A

Orange

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6
Q

What coloured flame does Lithium have?

A

Red

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7
Q

What coloured flame does Copper have?

A

Green

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8
Q

Describe the process of chromatography

A
  • you draw a line up the length by 1cm and in pencil of the filter paper (chromatography paper).
  • then take maximum 3 felt tip pens and dot them on the line far from each other so they don’t touch.
  • You then dip the paper in a beaker which contains water that is below the pencil line.
  • The colours should then spread up the page.
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9
Q

How can you tell a substance is pure or impure by using chromatography?

A

A pure substance produces one spot on the chromatogram.

An impure substance produces two or more spots.

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10
Q

Chromatography - If the dots are further up the filter paper what does that entail?

A

That means it has a high amount of solvent.

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11
Q

Chromatography - What is the mobile phase?

A

The part that moves - solvent

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12
Q

Chromatography - What is the stationary phase?

A

The part that does not move - filter paper.

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13
Q

Chromatography - Why do we use a pencil for the line?

A

Because it is insoluble

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14
Q

Chromatography - Why do we add the filter paper in water?

A

Because it is a solvent.

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15
Q

Chromatography - If something is attracted to the mobile phase it….

A

moves the most

16
Q

Chromatography - If something is attracted to the stationary phase it….

A

doesn’t move that much

17
Q

Chromatography - How do you work out the retention factor?

A

Distance spot has moved / distance solvent has moved

18
Q

Chromatography - Why do we work out the retention factor?

A

It allows for more accurate comparison of substances.

19
Q

How do you test for hydrogen?

A

you put a lit splint into a test tube - squeaky pop.

20
Q

How do you test for Chlorine?

A

You use damp blue litmus paper - it turns white (gets bleached).

21
Q

How do you test for Oxygen?

A

You put a glowing splint into the test tube - it will relight the splint.

22
Q

How do you test for sulfate ions?

A

you add dilute hydrochloric acid, then barium chloride

23
Q

How do you test for carbonate ions?

A

You add dilute acid

24
Q

How do you test for chloride, bromide and iodide ions?

A

You add dilute nitric acid, then silver nitrate.

25
Q

What colour precipitation forms with carbonate ions?

A

White

26
Q

what colour precipitate forms with Halide ions?

A

cream

27
Q

What colour precipitate forms with sulfate ions?

A

white

28
Q

Why do we use the instrumental analysis technique instead of flame testing?

A

Because it is more accurate and specific.

29
Q

When blue precipitate is formed what does this mean is present in the stuff?

A

copper

30
Q

When a reddish brown precipitate is formed what does this mean?

A

Iron (III)

31
Q

When a dirty green precipitate is formed what does this mean?

A

Iron(II)

32
Q

When a pale pink precipitate is formed what does this mean?

A

Magnesium

Year 9 - Science (10 decks)

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