Chemistry Flashcards
If Delta G is ___ the reaction is spontaneous.
If delta G is ___ the reaction is not spontaneous.
If delta G is ___ the reaction is in a state of equilibrium.
Negative.
Positive.
Zero.
Which is most acidic? F-H, Cl-H, Br-H, I-H
F-H b/c the conjugate base F- is most stable since it is the most electronegative.
A Brønsted-Lowry base is a ___. A Brønsted-Lowry acid is a ___. A Lewis acid is a electron ___. A Lewis base is a electron ___.
Accepts protons. Donates protons.
Electron acceptor. Electron donor.
Define molecule, compound, element.
Molecule: a group of two or more covalently bonded atoms with a neutral charge.
Compound: two bonded elements that have a charge.
Element: one atom.
Huckel’s rule
4n+2 pi electrons is an aromatic if the compound is cyclic
Markovnikov’s rule
The hydrogen atom binds to the atom with the most other H atoms in an addition reaction involving an alkene
Saytzeffs rule
During an elimination reaction with an alkyl halide the most highly substituted alkene predominates
Aufbau principle
Fill orbitals from the bottom up
What is the standard heat of formation for oxygen?
0 kJ/mol. The standard heat if formation for anything made up of a single element is 0.
Huckel’s rule
4n+2 pi electrons is an aromatic if the compound is cyclic
Markovnikov’s rule
The hydrogen atom binds to the atom with the most other H atoms in an addition reaction involving an alkene
Saytzeffs rule
During an elimination reaction with an alkyl halide the most highly substituted alkene predominates
Aufbau principle
Fill orbitals from the bottom up
What is the standard heat of formation for oxygen?
0 kJ/mol. The standard heat if formation for anything made up of a single element is 0.
