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Chemistry > Chemistry 2 - Chemical reactions and energy changes (C5 - C7) > Flashcards

Chemistry 2 - Chemical reactions and energy changes (C5 - C7) Flashcards

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1
Q

What gas is given off if metals react with water or dilute acids?

A

Hydrogen gas.

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2
Q

What does OIL RIG stand for?

A

Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain (Of electrons)

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3
Q

What does it mean when a metal is found native?

A

Not found in an ore.

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4
Q

How do you extract metals more reactive than carbon from their ores?

A

Electrolysis

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5
Q

What is a salt?

A

Any chemical compound formed from the reaction of an acid with a base, with all or part of the hydrogen being replaced by a metal or other cation.

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6
Q

How do you make a salt?

A

Reacting a metal with an acid. The metal must be above Hydrogen in the reactivity series.

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7
Q

What does a metal and an acid make?

A

A salt + Hydrogen

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8
Q

What happens when an acid reacts with a base?

A

A neutralisation reaction occurs and there will be two products : A salt + water

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9
Q

What do the sum of the charges on the ions in a salt add up to?

A

Zero

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10
Q

What pH do acids have?

A

Lower than 7

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11
Q

What pH do alkalis have?

A

Above 7

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12
Q

What form do ionic compounds have to be in to be electrolysed?

A

Molten or dissolved in water.

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13
Q

What is the Anode?

A

The positive electrode

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14
Q

What is the Cathode?

A

The negative electrode

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15
Q

Where to the negative ions move to?

A

The positive electrode

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16
Q

Where do the positive ions move to?

A

The negative electrode

17
Q

What happens to the positive ions at the negative electrode?

A

They gain electrons, so are reduced.

18
Q

What happens to the negative ions at the positive electrode?

A

They lose electrons, so are oxidised.

19
Q

What gas is made at the cathode?

A

Hydrogen gas

20
Q

What gas is made at the anode?

A

Chlorine gas.

21
Q

What is bond making? Exo or endo?

A

Exo thermic

22
Q

What is bond breaking? Exo or endo?

A

Endothermic

23
Q

What happens in an equilibrium reaction when you increase the temperature?

A

The endo thermic reaction’s rate will increase.

24
Q

What happens in an equilibrium reaction when you increase the pressure?

A

The rate of the reaction which has more moles will increase. If the reaction is 1:1 there will be no change.

25
Q

Name 6 ions that will be found in salts.

A 
Halide ions (Halogens)
Carbonate ions 
Sulphate ions
Ammonium ions 
Metal ions
Hydroxide
26
Q

What is the charge of NO3?

A

1-

27
Q

What is the charge of SO4?

A

2-

28
Q

What is the charge of OH?

A

1-

29
Q

What is the charge of H?

A

1+

30
Q

What is the charge of NH4 (Ammonium)?

A

1+

Chemistry (19 decks)

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