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Science 1 > Chemistry 1a > Flashcards

Chemistry 1a Flashcards

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0
Q

If an atom has 12 protons, how many electrons does it have ?

A
  1. Atoms have the same amount of protons and electrons
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1
Q

Name the three parts of an atom

A

Proton
Neutron
Electron

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2
Q

What is the symbol of Iron ?

A

Fe

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3
Q

What do atoms in the same column share ?

A

They share properties

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4
Q

What does the centre section of the periodic table contain ?

A

Transition metals

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5
Q

What is the electron structure of sulphur if it contains 16 electrons ?

A

2,8,6

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6
Q

Why are noble gases unreactive ?

A

They have full outer shells

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7
Q

What is ionic bonding ?

A

When electrons are given and taken away to form ions. Reactions take place between metals and non-metals.

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8
Q

What is covalent bonding ?

A

When electrons are shared between non-metals.

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9
Q

2Mg + O2 -> ?

A

2MgO

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10
Q

What is limestone primarily made of ?

A

CaCO3

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11
Q

When CaCO3 is thermally decomposed, what is made ?

A

Calcium oxide (CaO) and carbon dioxide (CO2)

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12
Q

Calcium carbonate + sulphuric acid = ?

CaCO3 + H2SO4 = ?

A

Calcium sulphate (CaSO4) + carbon dioxide + water

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13
Q

Calcium oxide (CaO) + water = ?

A

Calcium Hydroxide or Ca(OH)2

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14
Q

What do you get if you add carbon dioxide to calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) ?

A

Back to the start ! Calcium carbonate

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15
Q

Disadvantages of quarries ?

A

Sound pollution / eyesore / destroys habitats / atmospheric pollution / pollution

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16
Q

What are the advantages of limestone ?

A

Build houses / neutralize acids / provides jobs

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17
Q

What Is an ore ?

A

A rock which contains enough metal to be economically worthwhile to extract

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18
Q

What is reduction ?

A

When an ore’s oxygen Is removed by forming CO2

19
Q

Where on the reactivity scale do you have to be for reduction to take place ?

A

Below carbon

20
Q

Where on the reactivity scale do you have to be for electrolysis to take place ?

A

Above carbon

21
Q

What is electrolysis ?

A

The breaking down of a substance using electricity.

22
Q

Describe the process of electrolysis

A
  1. The anode is a metal ore, for example a copper ore. The their electrons are pulled off forming ions and turn to a solution
  2. When they get near the cathode they gain electrons and turn back into copper atoms
  3. The impurities are dropped off as sludge
23
Q

What is displacement ?

A

When a more reactive metal replaces the less reactive metal, therefore taking away the impurities

24
Q

What is bio leaching ?

A

Using bacteria to separate copper from copper sulphide.

25
Q

What is phytomining ?

A

Growing plants in soil that contain copper

26
Q

Why is recycling metals important ?

A

Mining uses energy which uses fossil fuels / fossil fuels are finite / saves money / metal is a finite resource / less landfill

27
Q

Properties of metals include …….

A
  • Strong
  • Good conductors of heat and electricity
  • Can be bent and hammered
28
Q

What is an alloy ?

A

An alloy is a mixture of metals which produce better metals depending on their use

29
Q

What is bronze made of ?

A

Copper and Tin

30
Q

What is sustainability ?

A

Meeting the needs if the present without compromising the needs of the future.

31
Q

What is crude oil ?

A

Crude oil is the buried remains of plants and animals

32
Q

What is crude oil made up of ?

A

Hydrocarbons carbon and hydrogen

33
Q

What is the difference between an Alkane and an alkene

A

Alkenes have double bonds

34
Q

What is the general formula of alkenes ?

A

CnH(2n)

35
Q

What us the general formula for alkanes ?

A

CnH(2n)+2

36
Q

What is the formula of ethane

A

C2H6

37
Q

The shorter the molecule the ………… Runny it is

A

More

38
Q

The shorter the molecule the ………… Volatile it is.

A

More

39
Q

What does sulphur dioxide cause ?

A

Acid rain

40
Q

Carbon dioxide causes global warming but what is so bad about global warming ?

A

Causes climate change which can be drastic if change by as little as 1 degree. Polar ice caps may melt causing floods.

41
Q

When incomplete combustion occurs carbon is released, what does carbon do to the atmosphere ?

A

Carbon particulates that have been released cause global dimming like smog.

42
Q

What is ethanol?

A

Ethanol is a biofuel as it is made trough fermentation of plants which is an alternative fuel

43
Q

Pros and cons of biodiesel are

A

Adv. carbon neutral / engines don’t need to be converted / less sulphur dioxide released
Dis. Can’t make enough / expensive to make / increases food prices

44
Q

Why is hydrogen such a good idea ? What is its one big problem ?

A

Hydrogen is everywhere - in water !

However it costs a lot to split it as it needs a lot of energy.

Science 1 (8 decks)

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