Chemistry Flashcards

To study chemistry

1
Q

What are the smallest indivisible particles?

A

Atoms

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2
Q

What is an element

A

A substance that has one type of atom

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3
Q

What are protons neutrons and electrons? State their charges

A

They are subatomic particles that make up an atom. Protons are positively charged, electrons are negatively charged and the neutrons have no charge.

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4
Q

Which sub atomic particle/s stays in the nucleous

A

Protons and neutrons

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5
Q

Which part of the periodic table tells us the number of electron shells? Which direction does it go?

A

Periods, which go across

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6
Q

Which part of the periodic table tells us how similar they are?

A

Groups, which go vertical.

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7
Q

What is the name of an element that doesn’t react with anything

A

Inert

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8
Q

What is the name for the combining and bonding power of an atom?

A

Valency

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9
Q

atomic mass =

A

Number of protons + number of neutrons

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10
Q

Atomic number –>

A

= number of protons
= number of electrons

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11
Q

What is a charged particle

A

An ion

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12
Q

A cation is

A

a positively charged particle

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13
Q

An anion is

A

anegatively charged particle

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14
Q

What is the number of electrons in the outermost shell of an electron

A

Valence electron

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15
Q

What is the name of two or more chemically combined atoms

A

a compound

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16
Q

What are chemically combined ions that have charges?

A

Ionic compounds

17
Q

What are chemically combined atoms that have only 1 atom?

A

Covalent compounds

18
Q

Which compound looks like a crystal ‘lattice’ structure

19
Q

Which type of ion loses an electron

20
Q

Which type of ion gains an electron

21
Q

What is the transfer of electrons between metal and non metal?

A

Ionic bonding

22
Q

What is a polyatomic ion

A

A group of atoms that behave as one or many atoms. Poly means many.

23
Q

What are the steps involved for naming an ionic compound?

A
  1. Name the cation first (the metal)
  2. Name the anion second, then change its suffix to -ide.
24
Q

What type of bonding occurs when 2 atoms share electrons in order to have a full valence electron shell

A

Covalent bonding

25
Which type of bonding works only between non-metals?
Covalent bonding
26
How do you decide which element in a covalent bond comes first when naming it?
If the element is closer to the left, name it first. However, for elements in the same group, the one closest to the top comes first
27
What are the steps to naming a covalent bond?
1. Identify the 2 non-metals 2. Name the first element 3. change the suffix of the 2nd element to -ide 4. Put the relevant suffix in front of the 2nd element
28
What does the prefix 'deca' mean?
10
29
What does the prefix 'tetra' mean?
4