Chemistry Flashcards
To study chemistry
What are the smallest indivisible particles?
Atoms
What is an element
A substance that has one type of atom
What are protons neutrons and electrons? State their charges
They are subatomic particles that make up an atom. Protons are positively charged, electrons are negatively charged and the neutrons have no charge.
Which sub atomic particle/s stays in the nucleous
Protons and neutrons
Which part of the periodic table tells us the number of electron shells? Which direction does it go?
Periods, which go across
Which part of the periodic table tells us how similar they are?
Groups, which go vertical.
What is the name of an element that doesn’t react with anything
Inert
What is the name for the combining and bonding power of an atom?
Valency
atomic mass =
Number of protons + number of neutrons
Atomic number –>
= number of protons
= number of electrons
What is a charged particle
An ion
A cation is
a positively charged particle
An anion is
anegatively charged particle
What is the number of electrons in the outermost shell of an electron
Valence electron
What is the name of two or more chemically combined atoms
a compound
What are chemically combined ions that have charges?
Ionic compounds
What are chemically combined atoms that have only 1 atom?
Covalent compounds
Which compound looks like a crystal ‘lattice’ structure
Ionic
Which type of ion loses an electron
a cation
Which type of ion gains an electron
an anion
What is the transfer of electrons between metal and non metal?
Ionic bonding
What is a polyatomic ion
A group of atoms that behave as one or many atoms. Poly means many.
What are the steps involved for naming an ionic compound?
- Name the cation first (the metal)
- Name the anion second, then change its suffix to -ide.
What type of bonding occurs when 2 atoms share electrons in order to have a full valence electron shell
Covalent bonding
Which type of bonding works only between non-metals?
Covalent bonding
How do you decide which element in a covalent bond comes first when naming it?
If the element is closer to the left, name it first. However, for elements in the same group, the one closest to the top comes first
What are the steps to naming a covalent bond?
- Identify the 2 non-metals
- Name the first element
- change the suffix of the 2nd element to -ide
- Put the relevant suffix in front of the 2nd element
What does the prefix ‘deca’ mean?
10
What does the prefix ‘tetra’ mean?
4
