Chemistry

Question 1

This theory was prevalent before the concept of energy and was used to explain thermal phenomena

Answer 1

Caloric Theory

Question 2

suggested that hot objects contained more caloric which could be transferred to colder objects upon contact

Answer 2

Caloric theory

Question 3

Scientists such as __contributed to the decline of caloric theory

Answer 3

Antoine Lavoisier and Count Rumford

Question 4

are pure substances made of only one type of atom

Answer 4

Elements

Question 5

consist of two or
more different atoms chemically bonded?

Answer 5

Compounds

Question 6

are a combination of substances not
chemically bonded

Answer 6

Mixtures

Question 7

cannot be broken down further by chemical means

Answer 7

Elements

Question 8

Have fixed ratios of their constituent elements

Answer 8

Compounds

Question 9

can be separated by physical means, such as filtration or distillation

Answer 9

Mixtures

Question 10

is a form of potential energy stored within the bonds of chemical compounds

Answer 10

Chemical energy

Question 11

When these bonds break or form energy is

Answer 11

released or absorbed

Question 12

It is a type of potential energy that can be converted into other forms of energy

Answer 12

chemical energy

Question 13

Classes of compounds

Answer 13

acids bases and salts

Question 14

give off hydrogen ions

Answer 14

Acids

Question 15

produce hydroxide ions

Answer 15

bases

Question 16

form when acids and bases react

Answer 16

salt

Question 17

taste sour and turn blue litmus paper red

Answer 17

Acids

Question 18

taste bitter and feels slippery they turn red litmus paper blue

Answer 18

bases

Question 19

are formed through neutralization reactions between acids and bases

Answer 19

Salts

Question 20

involves categorizing substances based on their properties and composition

Answer 20

ClassifIcation of Matter

Question 21

consist of two or more elements chemically bonded together in fixed ratios

Answer 21

Compounds

Question 22

are combinations of two or more substances that can be separated through physical means

Answer 22

Mixture

Question 23

detect radiation by ionizing gas inside the detector

Answer 23

Geiger-Muller counters

Question 24

work by converting radiation energy into fLashes of light

Answer 24

Scintillation detectors

Question 25

Radioactivity is typically measured in units of

Answer 25

becquerels (Bq) or curies (Ci)

Question 26

can break DNA strands, causing mutations and cell death

Answer 26

Ionizing radiation

Question 27

are particularly harmful to DNA

Answer 27

Double-strand breaks

Question 28

utilizes ionizing radiation to target and destroy cancer cells

Answer 28

Radiation therapy