Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Science 9 EXAM REVIEW > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

Qualitative property

A

a substance that isn’t measured and does not have numerical value.

Colour, odour & texture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Quantitative property

A

a substance measured through numerical value, height and mass.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is matter?

A

is anything that has mass and takes up space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are some examples of matter?

A

anything that takes up space
ex. air, rocks, water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are some examples of things that aren’t matter?

A

Light, Time, Sound & Gravity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the particle theory?

A
  • All matter is made up of tiny particles separated by empty space
  • Different substances are made of different particles
  • All particles are in constant motion
  • Particles in a substance move faster as temperature increases
  • Particles attract each other
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a pure substance?

A

Substances that are made up of only one kind of particle and have a fixed or constant structure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a solution?

A

a uniform mixture of two or
more substances

(looks like a pure substance but it contains more than one type
of particle. clear apple juice)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a heterogenous mixture?

A

two or more substances that are physically combined and could be seperated by physically means visible differences

cereal + milk
pizza + toppings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a homogenous mixture?

A

mix of 2 or more pure substances that mix well together where it dissolves within eachother

ex. sugar + water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are examples of a pure substance?

A

Tin, Sulfur, Diamond, Water, Sucrose (sugar), sodium chloride (salt), and baking soda (sodium bicarbonate)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are examples of a solution?

A

Salt water, Sugar water, Mouthwash, Soda, Air, Acetone, Coffee, Lemonade, and Tea.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are examples of heterogenous mixtures?

A

Hot Chocolate, Sand in water, toothpaste, mixed nuts, trail mix, pizza, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are examples of homogenous mixtures?

A

Air, Sugar water, Rainwater, Vinegar, Coffee, Detergent, Cologne, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is ductility?

A

A physical property of a material that describes its ability to be stretched, pulled, or drawn into a thin wire or thread without breaking.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is luster?

A

How a mineral’s surface reflects light and how the interior of the material may refract/reflect or bend light.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is density?

A

The measurement of how tightly a material is packed together.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is flammability?

A

A measurement of how quickly a specific material is capable of catching fire and burning.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is malleability?

A

The quality of something that can be shaped into something else without breaking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is combustibility?

A

A measurement of how easily a substance bursts into flame, through fire, or explosion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is reactivity?

A

The ability of a substance to interact chemically with a second substance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is odour?

A

The smell of a substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is texture?

A

The feel, appearance or consistency of a surface or substance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is sollubility?

A

The ability to be dissolved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is boiling point?
When water (any liquid) reaches over 100 degrees celsius. CREATES GAS * WATER VAPOUR
26
What are examples of qualitative properties?
Hardness, Malleability, Electrical Conductivity, Sight, Taste, Smell, Touch.
27
What are examples of quantitative properties?
Temperature, Height, Mass, Volume, Density
28
What is a mixture?
A substance made from composing two or more substances together.
29
What are the similarities of Pure substances & Mixtures?
They are both matter and composed of Atoms, They also have weight, volume, and color
30
What are the similarties between Homogenous and Heterogenous?
Both are mixtures
31
What are the similarities between Qualitative and Quantitative substances?
They both are observations which are made from one substance to gather information.
32
What is the difference between physical and chemical change?
A physical change only changes the appearance of the matter and not the substance. However, chemical change creates a new substance with different properties and is not reversible.
33
What is aristole's theory of matter?
Theorized, Matter was made from 4 elements, Water, Air, Fire, and Earth.
34
What is Democritus' theory of matter?
Theorized that matter is composed of tiny invisible particles called atoms. "INDIVISIBLE PARTICLE (ATOM)" showed that atoms are the smallest unit of measurement - atoms are of different sizes - atoms are in constant motion - seperated by empty spaces (the void)
35
What is Dalton’s Atomic theory?
"Billiard Ball Model" - all matter made up of indivisible particles called *ATOMS* - all atoms of an element are identical, and atoms of a different element are different - atoms can be rearranged but never created or destroyed ( Dalton's model couldn't explain attraction between objects )
36
What is JJ. Thompson theory?
"Plum pudding model" aka ^chocolate chip muffin model - discovered negative particles are called *ELECTRONS* - theorized the rest of the atom is a positvely charged sphere -said Atoms were positively charged with electrons spread throughout suggesting they had subatomic components.
37
What device did J.J Thompson use to conduct his experiment?
Cathode ray tube the particles he detected were attracted to the positive end of the circut so it had to be negatively charged
38
What theory did Niels Bohr propose?
"Planetary model of an atom" (how things orbit eachother in an atom) - electrons orbit the nuclus - electrons in an orbit have potential energy, farther away from nucleus = more energy - electrons can jump between orbits (2, 8,8)
39
What theory did James Chadwick propose?
- Discovered neutrons
40
What is a isotope?
Variation of the same element with a different number of electrons in their nucleus. An atom with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons (must be same element)
41
What is atomic mass?
represents the mass of an atom ( # of protons + # of neutrons )
42
Why do different isotopes have different atomic masses?
Different isotopes have different atomic masses because the number of neutrons is different.
43
What are Covalent Bonds?
"molecular bonds" Form between two nonmetals. One or more electrons are shared between atoms forming a bond. Atoms can share multiple pairs of electrons in double and triple bonds.
44
What theory did Ernest Rutherford propose?
"Gold foil experiment" * DISCOVERED THE NUCLEUS - predicted the presence of positively charged particle called *PROTONS*
45
Example of halogens?
poisonous things, chlorine. bromine added to lightbulbs to increase brightness and operating life
46
Why does aerosol explode in fire?
Aerosol explodes in fire because of heat, the product expands and the pressure is added onto the walls of the cans which then explode because of the sudden temperature change.
47
What is chemical change & example?
A chemical change is when a substance changes and reacts with another substance such as iron rusting, burning wood, or fireworks.
48
What is physical change & example?
A physical change is when no new substance is formed and involves melting, shredding, dissolving, boiling, chopping, etc.
49
What are signs that a physical change has taken place?
The physical change includes changes in size, shape, or state, and no new substances are formed.
50
What are signs that a chemical change has taken place?
The signs of a chemical property are that the substance is not reversible, colour change, odor change, and a new substance is formed
51
What are examples of akali metals?
Potassium in plants and foods (bananas, oranges, e.t.c)
52
What are examples of akaline earth metals?
Magnesium in fireworks (akaline earth metals burn with a bright flame)
53
What are examples of noble gases?
low density of helium used in balloons so it could float
54
What are the properties of an element and who was this determined by?
Dmitri Mendeleev (1834-1907) - Atomic Mass - Density - Colour - Melting point - Boling point
55
What is Mendeleev's periodic law?
"If the elements are arranged according to their atomic mass, a pattern could be seen in which similar properties occur regularly"
56
Noble Gases
Group 18 Valence Electrons: full shell (prevents gases from forming compounds) Very stable due to their max electrons in the outershell
57
Rare earth metals
located at the bottom of a periodic table
58
Halogens
Group 17 Valence electrons: 7 bonds easily with alkali metals all nonmetals "SALT FORMER" - very reactive non-metals & forms salt when reacting w metals
59
Transition metals
Group 3 - 12 Valence Electrons: may vary Properties: Ductile, Malleable, conduct electricity and heat
60
Alkaline Earth Metals
Group 2 Very reactive Valence Electrons: 2 can easily bond with other elements by losing these electrons Not found free in nature
61
What are alkali metals?
Group 1 Very reactive metals that do not occur freely in nature Valence Electrons: 1 Properties: Malleable, Ductile, good conductors of heat & electricity, softer than most Can explode if exposed to water
62
What are the 7 Diatomic Molecules?
Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Fluoride, Oxygen, Iodine, Chlorine, Bromine ( Have No Fear Of Ice Cold Beer ) Two same elements bonded together, 7 of these Diotomic elements always exist in pairs of 2. (power to 2)
63
What is a chemical family?
column of elements with similar properties on the periodic table (belong to same group)
64
What are metalloids?
Located along the staircase line Have properties of both metals and non-metals - important use in digital electronices -typically increases in conductivity as temperature increases
65
What is the only non-metal liquid?
Bromine (element 35)
66
What are non-metals?
Found in the upper right portion of the periodic table Mostly gases and dull powdery solids Does not conduct heat or electricity
67
What is a metal element?
Located on left & central parts of the periodic table solids which display a metallic lustre (lustrous, malleable, ductile, conducts heat & electricity)
68
What is an example of a compound?
Water ; (not an elements but is made up of two elements in the periodic table) made with: Hydrogen & oxygen
69
What is a compound?
A pure substance composed of two or more DIFFERENT elements that are chemically joined
70
What is an element symbol?
an abbreviation for a chemical element
71
What is an example of an element?
Silver, as it cannot carry out any chemical or physical reactions where silver will convert into something simpler
72
What is an element?
A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler chemical substance by any physical or chemical means ! the building blocks of all substances and arranged on the periodic table (things on the periodic table)
73
Examples of chemical properties
Reactivity with water, flammability, acidity, and toxicity.
74
Examples of physical properties
Colour, Lusture, opacity, Length, Volume, hardness, density, brittleness, viscosity, malleability, ductility, conductivity.
75
What are ionic bonds

Science 9 EXAM REVIEW (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions