chemistry Flashcards
what’s a solid
molecules are set in a regular pattern.
limited space
what’s a liquid
molecules flow easily around.
what’s a gas characteristic
molecules have lots of space to move around.
describe changes of state:
solid to liquid= melting
solid to gas= sublimation
liquid to solid= freezing
liquid to gas= evaporation
gas to liquid= condensation
gas to solid= deposition
what’s a cooling curve
A cooling curve of a substance is a graph of the variation of the temperature with time as it is allowed to cool.
describe how you would filtrate dirty water
using a funnel and filter paper, you would pour the liquid an insoluble solid through it, leaving a solid/ residue in the paper and the filtered liquid in the bottle.
what’s chromatography?
chromatography is the process to separate a mixture into its components.
what’s simple distillation?
To separate a solvent from a solution, from 2 separate mixtures
What is fractional distillation?
to separate two more liquids, which have different boiling points
What is crystallisation?
The process of producing crystals from a solution by evaporating the solvent
name the sub atomic particles
neutrons electrons protons
who is mendeleev
he created a version of the periodic table of elements
what’s the periodic table arrangement?
non metals - top right
metals- left and middle
what’s the greenhouse effect
Gases in the atmosphere ( carbon dioxide) traps heat similar to the glass roof of a greenhouse.
what’s climate change
long term effects in temperature primarily due to burning fossil fuels.
what’s ionic bonding?
metal and non metal reacting
what’s covalent bonding
non metal atoms bonding together.
what’s the metallic structure?
the electrostatic force between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons.
what does the PH scale range from
0-14
acids:
1-6
alkali
8-14
neutral
7
neutralisation
acid + alkali ——- salt + water
what’s dilute?
A low concentrated solution
what’s concentrate?
A high concentrated solution
what’s a weak solution
A partly ionised solution in water
what’s a strong solution
fully ionised in water
what’s tritiation?
The process of adding a a solution to a concentration to reach neutralisation.
what’s is Mr
relative formula mass
name the charges of proton, electron and neuton
p = +1
E = -1
N = nothing
whats the atomic number
amount of protons in a nucleus
whats the atomic mass
number of protons added to the neutron
what do ionic bonding have?
high melting points / boiling points because of the amount of energy
give 2 examples of naming salts
nitric acid produces nitrate salts
sulfuric acid produces sulfate salts
relative mass for protons electrons and neutrons
p = 1
e= 1
n= 1/1840
mass number - proton number =
number of neutrons
