chemistry Flashcards
protons
a subatomic particle with a positive electrical charge.
neutrons
nerve cells that send messages all over your body to allow you to do everything from breathing to talking, eating, walking, and thinking
electrons
a negatively charged subatomic particle that can be either bound to an atom or free (not bound
compounds
Understand the difference between: elements, molecules, compounds and mixtures.
elements,
a substance whose atoms all have the same number of protons
molecules
a group of two or more atoms held together by attractive forces known as chemical bonds
mixtures.
a material composed of two or more simpler substances in chemistry
7 groups on the periodic table
The Alkali Metals.
The Alkaline Earth Metals.
The Transition Metals.
The Non-metals.
The Halogens.
The Noble Gases.
The Rare Earth Elements.
Define and describe the trends of the following: atomic mass
The atomic mass increases from left to right across a period. The atomic mass is directly proportional to the atomic number.
Define and describe the trends of the following: atomic number
The atomic number increases within the same period while moving from left to right, which in turn increases the effective nuclear charge.
Define and describe the trends of the following: metal/non-metal,
Non-metallic character relates to the tendency to accept electrons during chemical reactions.
Define and describe the trends of the following: atomic radius
atomic radius decreases across a period and increases down a group.
Define and describe the trends of the following; electronegativity
increases as you move from left to right across a period and decreases as you move down a group.
Define and describe the trends of the following: metallic character.
refers to the level of reactivity of a metal.
ionic
the complete transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms
