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Bettelheim and Chang > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

have definite shapes and definite volumes

A

Solids

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2
Q

have no definite shape, but they do have a
definite volume

A

Liquids

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3
Q

have no definite shape or volume

A

Gas

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4
Q

the lowest possible temperature

A

Absolute Zero

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5
Q

Absolute scale

A

Kelvin

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6
Q

Basic unit of temperature

A

Celsius

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7
Q

Basic unit of time

A

Second

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8
Q

It is the force a mass experience under the pull of gravity

A

Weight

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9
Q

Basic unit of mass

A

Gram

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10
Q

Basic unit of volume

A

Liters

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11
Q

Basic unit of length

A

Meter

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12
Q

It is the energy of motion.

A

Kinetic Energy

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13
Q

It is a stored energy

A

Potential Energy

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14
Q

the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of
1 g of liquid water by 1°C

A

Calorie

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15
Q

official SI unit for heat is the

A

Joule

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16
Q

It is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes.

A

Chemistry

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17
Q

a systematic approach to research

A

Scientific method

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18
Q

Consisting of general observations about the system

A

Qualitative

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19
Q

Comprising numbers obtained by various measurement of the system

A

Quantitative

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20
Q

tentative explanation for a set of observations.

A

Hypothesis

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21
Q

It is a concise verbal or mathematical statement of a relationship between phenomena that is always the
same under the same conditions.

A

Law

22
Q

It is a unifying principle that explains a body of facts and/or those laws that are based on them.

A

Theory

23
Q

It is a form of matter that has a definite (constant) composition and distinct properties.

A

Substance

24
Q

It is a combination of two or more substances in which the substances retain their distinct identities.

A

Mixture

25
Q

the composition of the mixture is the same throughout.

A

Homogeneous mixture

26
Q

the composition is not uniform.

A

Heterogeneous mixture

27
Q

It can be measured and observed without changing the composition or identity of a substance.

A

Physical property

28
Q

in order to observe this property we must carry out a chemical change

A

Chemical property

29
Q

The measured value of _____ depends on how much matter is being considered.

A

Extensive property

30
Q

does not depend on how much matter is being considered

A

Intensive property

31
Q

It tells us how close a measurement is to the true value of the quantity that was measured.

A

Accuracy

32
Q

It refers to how closely two or more measurements of the same quantity agree with one another

A

Precision

33
Q

mass of the atom in atomic mass units

A

atomic mass

34
Q

a mass exactly equal to one-twelfth the mass of one carbon-12 atom

A

atomic mass unit

35
Q

the amount of a substance that contains as
many elementary entities (atoms, molecules, or other particles) as there are atoms in
exactly 12 grams (or 0.012 kilogram) of the carbon-12 isotope.

A

mole

36
Q

the mass (in grams or kilograms) of 1 mole of units (such as atoms or molecules) of a substance

A

molar mass

37
Q

the sum of the atomic masses (in amu) in the molecule.

A

molecular mass

38
Q

a gaseous sample is bombarded by a stream of high-energy electrons.

A

mass spectrometer

39
Q

first mass spectrometer was invented by

A

F.W. Aston

40
Q

percent by mass of each element in a
compound.

A

percent composition by mass

41
Q

a process in which a substance (or
substances) is changed into one or more new substances

A

chemical reaction

42
Q

a process in which a substance (or
substances) is changed into one or more new substances.

A

chemical equation

43
Q

which are the starting materials in a chemical reaction

A

reactants

44
Q

the substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction

A

product

45
Q

the quantitative study of reactants and products in a chemical reaction.

A

stoichiometry

46
Q

the stoichiometric coefficients in a chemical equation can be interpreted as the number of
moles of each substance

A

Mole method

47
Q

the proportions indicated by the balanced equation

A

stoichiometric amounts

48
Q

reactant used up first in a reaction

A

limiting reagent

49
Q

reactants present in quantities greater than
necessary to react with the quantity of the limiting reagent

A

excess reagents

50
Q

the amount of product that would result if all the
limiting reagent reacted

A

theoretical yield

51
Q

amount of product actually obtained from a reaction

A

actual yield

Bettelheim and Chang (7 decks)

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