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Science 10 > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

Atom

A

The smallest particle of an element

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2
Q

Subatomic particles

A

Electron, neutron, protons

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3
Q

Stable Octet

A

When an electron shell is full

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4
Q

Period

A

A row in the periodic table

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5
Q

Family

A

A column in the periodic table

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6
Q

Bohr diagram

A

Shows the arrangement of subatomic particles in atoms and Ions

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7
Q

Lewis diagrams

A

Shows chemical bonding by only showing the chemical symbol and the valence electrons

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8
Q

Ions

A

When an element loses or gains an electron

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9
Q

Ionic compound

A

Consist of a negative ion (metal) and a positive ion (non-metal)

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10
Q

Cation

A

positive ion

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11
Q

anion

A

negative ion

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12
Q

Ionic bonding

A

one or more electron transfer from metal to non-metal

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13
Q

Covalent Bonding

A

When two or more covalent compounds share electrons

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14
Q

Covalent compound

A

two or more non-metal atoms

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15
Q

ionic compound

A

Metal + non-metal

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16
Q

Ionic lewis diagram

A

don’t have bonding pairs

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17
Q

Ionic Bohr diagram

A

Don’t share electrons

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18
Q

covalent lewis diagram

A

has bonding pairs

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19
Q

covalent Bohr diagram

A

share electrons

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20
Q

multivalent element

A

more than 1 ion charge

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21
Q

multivalent ionic compound

A

a compound that consist of a multivalent element

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22
Q

polyatomic ion

A

made from several atoms joined together (nitrite NO2)

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23
Q

Chemical change

A

A change in arrangement and connections between atoms and ions

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24
Q

chemical reaction

A

several chemical change that occur at the same time

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25
Q

Chemical equation

A

representation of a chemical reaction

26
Q

What is CH4

A

methane

27
Q

What is NH3

A

ammonia

28
Q

Diatomic elements

A

H2, O2, F2, Br2, I2, N2, Cl2

29
Q

Activation energy

A

minium energy that is needed to get the chemical reactions started

30
Q

Law of conservation energy

A

energy cannot be created or destroyed

31
Q

system

A

materials involved in the reaction

32
Q

surrounding

A

Everything else in the universe except for the system

33
Q

Exothermic reaction

A

More energy released when forming the bond than the energy needed to break the bond

34
Q

Endothermic reaction

A

More energy needed when breaking the bond than the energy released when the bond is formed

35
Q

Synthesis reaction

A

A+B=AB

36
Q

Decomposition reaction

A

AB=A+B

37
Q

Single replacement reaction

A

A+BC=B+AC (where A is metal) A+BC=C+BA (where A is non-metal)

38
Q

Double replacement reaction

A

AB+CD=AD+CB

39
Q

Neutralization reaction

A

acid+base=salt+water (H…)+(…OH)=salt+H2O

40
Q

Combustion reaction

A

CxHy + O2 = CO2+H2O

41
Q

Rate of Reaction

A

How fast or slow the reactant turns into the product during a chemical reaction

42
Q

Acid

A

produces Hydrogen Ions

43
Q

Bases

A

Produces Hydroxide ions

44
Q

Concentration

A

the amount of Hydrogen in a solution

45
Q

PH of solution

A

a way to measure the concentration of hydrogen ions

46
Q

Naming Acids with oxygen

A

ate=ic, ite=ous + acid (H2So4= Sulfic acid)

47
Q

What is the definition of salt

A

Salt is an ionic compound that is formed during the reaction of acid and base, metal and acid, carbonate and acid. Also, all ionic compounds are salt

48
Q

What is the product when the reactant is acid and metal?

A

The product is salt and hydrogen gas

49
Q

What is the most reactive metal?

A

Alkali metals and alkaline earth metals

50
Q

What is the product when the reactant is acid and carbonate?

A

The product is salt, carbon dioxide and water.

51
Q

What are oxides

A

Chemical compound that has at least one oxygen atom or ion

52
Q

What will be formed when metal oxide reacts with water?

A

bases

53
Q

What will be formed when non-metal oxide reacts with water?

A

acids

54
Q

what is an organic compound

A

When carbon is bonded with nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus, and halogens.

55
Q

What is an inorganic compound

A

All compounds except for organic compounds are inorganic compounds

56
Q

Is carbonates organic or inorganic?

A

inorganic

57
Q

What is Hydrocarbon?

A

Consist only of hydrogen and carbon

58
Q

What is alcohol?

A

Consist of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen

59
Q

Naming acid without oxygen

A

Hydro + negative ion + ic + acid. (Hydro, ic) Hydrochloric acid

60
Q

Naming bases

A

add hydroxide in the end. NaOH=Sodium Hydroxide

61
Q

4 special exceptions with naming acid

A

phosphate,phosphite + or + ic, + or + ous | sulfate, sulfite + ur + ic, + ur + ous

62
Q

How to remember naming acids

A

my ride has hydrolics. I ate something icky, Sprite is delicious

Science 10 (6 decks)

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