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science 10 > chemistry > Flashcards

chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

heating + freezizng

A

sterilization, kills microorganisms

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2
Q

salting

A

preserving by drying out water and bacteria

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3
Q

fermentation

A

preserve food and keep vitamins

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4
Q

metallurgy

A

science of producing and using metals

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5
Q

aristotle

A

matter is made up of earth, water, fire and air

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6
Q

democritus

A

matter is made up of tiny particles

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7
Q

alchemy

A

combination of science + magic, cheap metal into gold

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8
Q

antonie lavoisier

A

law of conservation of mass

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9
Q

boyle

A

gasses are made up of tiny particles

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10
Q

john dalton

A

atoms are the smallest particles , indivisible

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11
Q

jj thomson

A

atoms made of smaller, particles, raisin bun theory

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12
Q

ernest rutherford

A

discovered nucleolus, very dense and positive charge

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13
Q

neils bohr

A

electrons occupy the whole space all at once, at different energy levels

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14
Q

atom

A

smallest possible part of an element, that also will still hold that element properties

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15
Q

molecule

A

group of non-metallic atoms bound together to covalent

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16
Q

ION

A

an atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss of gain of one or more electrons

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17
Q

cation

A

positively charged ION, formed when a metal has lost an electron

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18
Q

anion

A

negatively charged ion

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19
Q

element

A

pure substances that cannot be broken down into other substances

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20
Q

atomic number

A

the # of protons and electrons for an atom

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21
Q

isotope

A

different versions of the same atom, different # of neutrons

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22
Q

mass number=

A

protons + neutrons

23
Q

atomic number =

A

the number of electrons

24
Q

matter

A

anything that has mass and takes up space

25
Q

energy levels

A

region of space near an atoms nucleus that may be empty or may contain electrons

26
Q

mass number

A

integer equal to the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

27
Q

molar mass

A

the mass of one mole of a substance

28
Q

periods

A

horizontal rows, there are seven periods in total

29
Q

groups/families

A

vertical rows

30
Q

alkali metal

A

very reactive metals, that do NOT occur freely in nature

31
Q

alkaline earth metals

A

very reactive elements, NOT found freely in nature

32
Q

transition metals

A

ductile and malleable also conduct heat and electricity, 78

33
Q

other metals

A

different properties than the transition elements, all are solids

34
Q

metalliods

A

properties of both metals and non metals

35
Q

non metals

A

not able to conduct electricity or heat, very brittle

36
Q

halogens

A

solids/liquids/gases, salt former

37
Q

Nobel gases

A

very stable elements, colorless and odorless

38
Q

valence

A

outer energy level electrons

39
Q

ionic compound

A

an ionic bond forms between the cation and anion

40
Q

univalent

A

only one “choice” of cation change

41
Q

non metals charges are

A

anion

42
Q

metals charges are

A

cation

43
Q

multivalent cations

A

cations that have 2 or more ionic charge “choices”

44
Q

polyatomic ion

A

group of atoms that make a charge most polyatomic ions are anions

45
Q

one atom

A

mono

46
Q

two atoms

A

di

47
Q

three atoms

A

tri

48
Q

four atoms

A

tetra

49
Q

five atoms

A

penta

50
Q

six atoms

A

hexa

51
Q

seven atoms

A

hepta

52
Q

eight atoms

A

octa

53
Q

nine atoms

A

hona

54
Q

ten atoms

A

deca

science 10 (4 decks)

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