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science 10 > biology unti 4 > Flashcards

biology unti 4 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

weather

A

the condition in a short period of time

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2
Q

climate

A

the average conditions over long periods of time

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3
Q

weather conditions don’t prove..

A

..that climate change isn’t real

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4
Q

global warming is real + doing nothing

A

political, social, environmental, health- catastrophe

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5
Q

global warming is real + we do something

A

high costs, curves the environmental affects, protects us for the future too

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6
Q

global warming is a hoax + we do nothing

A

no protection for the future, pollution builds up

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7
Q

global warming is a hoax + we do something

A

high costs, global economic disaster, protects us for the future

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8
Q

ocean currents

A

occur on the surface of water or deep, horizontal or vertically

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9
Q

prevailing winds

A

winds that will blow at a particular direction in a certain region

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10
Q

the jet stream

A

bond of fast moving air in the stratosphere, due to lack of friction high in the air

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11
Q

topography

A

the forms and features of land surfaces (how they affect weather–> like mountains blocking wind)

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12
Q

angle of incidence

A

the angle between a ray falling on a surface and the line perpendicular to that surface

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13
Q

equator angle of incidence

A

zero degrees

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14
Q

green house

A

gasses that contribute to the greenhouse effect, carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor

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15
Q

albedo effect

A

percent of solar radiation that it reflects

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16
Q

tilt of the earth

A

depending on where the sun is set, how much warmth the earth is getting (seasons)

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17
Q

tempatures and precipitation are huge factors of

A

growth and life

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18
Q

biomes

A

the worlds major communities classified according to the predominant vegetation and characterized by adaptations of organisms to that particular environment

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19
Q

community

A

a variety of organisms interacting with each other and abiotic things

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20
Q

predominant vetetation

A

dominant vegetation in that biome, example; cactus in the dessert

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21
Q

unique organisms

A

special only to that biome, example; camels in the dessert

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22
Q

tundra

A

20 cm precipitation, -15°c to 5°c, plants have short life cycle, hours of sunlight varies

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23
Q

taiga

A

40-100cm (mostly snow), 4°c to 14°c, large conifer trees, mostly snow, birds migrate, animals hibernate

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24
Q

grassland

A

25-57cm, 4°c to 30°c, lots of food, few trees, includes prairie and savannah

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25
Q

rain forest

A

> 200cm, 25°c to 30°c, vines, big trees, monkeys, most diverse biome

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26
Q

deciduous trees

A

75-150cm, 14°c to 27°c, trees loose leaves in fall, distinct summer and winter seasons

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27
Q

desert

A

<25cm, 12° -27°, very little plant life, night time is cool compared to the day

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28
Q

ecosystem

A

smaller, make up biomes

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29
Q

south equator grassland is

A

savannah

30
Q

north equator grassland is

A

prairie/grassland

31
Q

due to climate change the biomes are

A

meshing together, and we are slowly loosing the colder biomes, and gaining more of the drier, warmer biomes.

32
Q

fastest changing biome

A

tundra

33
Q

order of the atmosphere layers

A 
Tr
S
M
Th
E
34
Q

troposhpere

A

0-10km, tropos means to change, airplanes

35
Q

stratosphere

A

10-30km, found clumps of cells, rain clouds, contains most ozone

36
Q

mesosphere

A

30-50km, includes meteorite and northern lights

37
Q

thermosphere

A

50-400km, farthest layer, space craft satillete

38
Q

exosphere

A

> 400, gradual fade into space, extremely thin

39
Q

increasing ___ as you go up

A

heat

40
Q

air is made up of mostly (three things)

A

nitrogen-78%
oxygen-21%
water vapor-2%

41
Q

water vapor

A

from plants and evaporation

42
Q

carbon dioxide

A

needed for photosynthesis, comes from deforestation and fossil fuel combustion

43
Q

ozone

A

absorbs UV radiation, keeps from getting sunburnt

44
Q

methane

A

production of coal, natural gas and oil, landfills

45
Q

nitrous oxide

A

combustion of fossil fuels, industrial activities

46
Q

green house effect is good for

A

grabbing onto heat and not letting the heat back into outer space

47
Q

without the greenhouse effect

A

there would be no growing season

48
Q

enhanced greenhouse effect

A

there is too much heat being trapped

49
Q

temperate

A

doesn’t get too hot, doesn’t get too cold

50
Q

controlled data

A

things that are being kept the same

51
Q

manipulated data

A

one things to change that gets you the result

52
Q

responding

A

no control over, answer/result of data

53
Q

Q

A

heat energy (J or kJ)

54
Q

T

A

tempatures (°C)

55
Q

m

A

mass (g)

56
Q

c

A

specific heat (J/g°C)

57
Q

specific heat capacity`

A

is the ability of a substance to take in or let go of heat energy
how it affects the tempatures of that substance

58
Q

water is very good at holding onto

A

heat

59
Q

a high heat capacity

A

long time to heat up- takes more energy

60
Q

lower heat capacity

A

short time to heat up - less energy

61
Q

if heat is released

A

then q is negative because change in T is negative

62
Q

if heat is absorbed

A

then q is positive because change in T is positive

63
Q

solid to gas

A

sublimation

64
Q

gas to liquid

A

condensing

65
Q

liquid to solid

A

freezing

66
Q

gas to solid

A

deposition

67
Q

solid to liquid

A

melting

68
Q

liquid to gas

A

boiling

69
Q

enthalpy

A

change in energy

70
Q

boiling point

A

vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure

science 10 (4 decks)

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