biology unit 2 Flashcards
organization of life
atom–>molecule–>organelle–>cell–>tissue–>organ–>system–>organism
cell membrane
contains the cell, protects it from bad things outside but allows some things to travel in and out
double layer thick
nucleus
like the brain of the cell, controls eating, movement and reproduction
cytoplasm
suspends the organelles inside the cell, contains rich nutrients
choloroplasts
food producers, work to convert light energy into sugars (site of photosynthesis)
vacuole
stores food and nutrients for the cell, along with it’s waste to protect the rest of the cell from contamination
endoplasmic reticulum
functions as a manufacturing and packaging system, circulates nutrients throughout the cell
ribosome
site of protein synthesis
lysosomes
digest food for the cell to break down, and break down when the cell dies
golgi apparatus
receive modify and transport products around the cell
mitochondrion
takes in nutrients, breaks them down and creates energy rich molecules sugar —> energy
centrioles
there to help the cell when it needs to divide and reproduce
pulls apart chromosomes
not charged molecules
diffuse easily through the membrane, good because we need a lot of oxygen (oxygen and CO2)
charged molecules
pass more slowly through aquaporins (water and ethanol)
membrane carbohydrates
determines the cell, is a marker
highly charged molecules
cant pass through, and always need to go through special transport