Chemistry #1 Flashcards
Atom
The smallest unit of an element
Nucleus
The central part of an atom and is made out of protons and Neutrons. The Nucleus is where the most mass is in an atom.
Protons
A positively charged particle located in the nucleus of an atom. (+) It has a mass of 1 AMU (Atomic Mass Unit)
Neutron
An uncharged particle located in the nucleus of an atom (-+). It has a mass of 1 AMU (Atomic Mass Unit)
Electron
A negatively charged particle which orbits around the nucleus inside shells. It has a mass of 0 AMU (Atomic Mass Unit).
Molecule
A group of atoms (either the same or different) which are bonded together.
Quark
What makes up all particles (Electrons, Neutrons & Protons etc)
Alkali Metals
The reactive type of element. These types of elements are extremely unstable because the element’s valence shell isn’t filled to capacity.
Noble Gases
The least reactive type of element. These types of elements are very stable because the element’s valence shell is filled.
Cation
A positively charge ion.
Anion
A negatively charged ion.
Valence Shell
The outermost orbit/shell of an atom
Valence Electrons
The number of electrons on the outermost shell
Ion
An unbalanced atom which is either positively or negatively charged overall.
Octet
A group of eight valence electrons making an atom stable.