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Med Neur 2 > Chemical Senses > Flashcards

Chemical Senses Flashcards

1
Q

Olfactory Epithelium

A
  • 5 cmsq in superior part of nasal mucosa

- Pseudostratified epithelium

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2
Q

whats unique about olfactory neurons

A

unique among sense systems that are regularly replaced (30-60 days) and can regenrate after injuy

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3
Q

Olfactory neurons are:

A

They are bipolar

Have cilia w/in mucosa

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4
Q

Basal Stem cells do what

A

give rise to new neurons

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5
Q

What two types of cells/glands Secreate mucus for protection

A

Bowmans glands

Supporting cells

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6
Q

Odorant receptor types

A

GPCR, lots of types, on olfactory neuron cilia

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7
Q

Each neuron express _____type of odorant receptor: very specific but there are ______

A

1

thousands of them

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8
Q
  1. Ligand (odorant) binds to receptor in pocket

pocket made by

A

7 transmemb regions from the GPCR

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9
Q

Ligand regions are:

A

Highly varialb aa sequence in transmembrane region

→ possible mechanism for recongtion of so many dif ligands

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10
Q

odorant binds to odorant receptor we get→

A

depolarization

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11
Q

olfactory neurons projected→ through

A

crib plate to olfact bulb→ synapse onto neurons in clusters called glomeruli

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12
Q

neurons in clusters called (olfactory bulb)

A

glomeruli

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13
Q

W/in each glomerulus are

A

a. mitral cells
b. tufted relay cells
c. periglomuler interneurons

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14
Q

olfactor receptors for same ligand will all end up sending their axons to the same glomerulus that is attached to a

A

mitral cell

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15
Q

Results in spatial map so there may be processing occuring in the olfactory bulb

A

convergence

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16
Q

In olfactory cortex: Mitral and tufted cells (in the bulb) receive info from the olfactory neurons – > sending info to

A

back along the olfactory tract there are several possibilities of where they can end up

17
Q

projections to contralateral olfactory bulb and all othres go ipsilaterally

A

Anterior commisure

18
Q

Olfactory Tract is made up of:

A

axons of mitral and tufted cells from olfactory bulb

19
Q

MOST olfactory neurons go to

A

to Entorhinal cortex→ thalamus or hippocampus

20
Q

Projections go here for emotional aspect of smell (memories)

A

some to amygdala (limbic)

21
Q

projections to______ is emotional and motivation of smell

A

hippocampus

22
Q

Why so we send olfactory info to thalamus?

A

Direct attention to stimulus

23
Q

Projection to hypothalamus for:

A
  • physiological aspectes of smell
24
Q

-direct attention to stimulus
-perception and discrimination of odors
~oatmeal or ch. chip cookie

A

thalamus

25
Q

gustatory sense + olfacory sense + general sensation =

A

Flavor

26
Q

gustatory sensation=

A

Taste

27
Q

taste receptors =

A

epithelial cells (not neurons like in nose)

28
Q

stem cells for turnover in taste buds

A

basal cells

29
Q

_______ extend into taste pore and saliva is here with molecules

A

Microvilli

30
Q

At_____ of taste bud Sensory neurons contact taste receptos

A

base

31
Q

Location of taste buds on Tongue (ant 2/3 )
Nerves that transmit taste sensation:
Location of sensory neuron cell body:
Ends in:

A

Facial N VII via chorda tympani
Geniculate ganglion
Rostral nueclues Solitarius or Gustatory gang

32
Q

Location of taste buds on Posterior 1/3 tongue
Nerves that transmit taste sensation:
Location of sensory neuron cell body:
Ends in:

A

Glosspophyarngyeal IX
Inferior ganglion
Rostal nucleus or Solitarius or Gustatory gang

33
Q

Location of taste buds on palate
Nerves that transmit taste sensation:
Location of sensory neuron cell body:
Ends in:

A

Facial VII via greater petrosal n.
Geniculate gang
Rostal nucleus or Solitarius or Gustatory gang

34
Q

Location of taste buds on epiglottis
Nerves that transmit taste sensation:
Location of sensory neuron cell body:
Ends in:

A

Vagus via superior larnygeal n’s internal laryngeal branch
Inferior gang
Rostal nucleus or Solitarius or Gustatory gang

35
Q

Gustatory ganglion→ Then goes to_____ of thalamus→ to ________ (where taste cortex is located)

A

VPM

anterior region of insula

36
Q

Where do we go from anterior region of insula

A

superior/inferior salivatory nucleus or amygdala

Med Neur 2 (12 decks)

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