Auditory 2

Question 1

Auditory nerve fibers synapse in the

Answer 1

cochlear nucleus

Question 2

Two distinct pathways with different functions originate in the cochlear nucleus

Answer 2

 Recognition of sound patterns

 Localizing sounds

Question 3

For recognition of sound patterns–>

Answer 3

Dorsal and Ventral cochlear nuclei project directly to contralateral inferior colliculus via the lateral lemniscus

Question 4

Dorsal and ventral cochlear nuclei (pattern of sound) project to contralateral inferior colliculus via

Answer 4

lateral lemniscus

Question 5

Localizing sounds:

Ventral cochlear nucleus also projects to the

Answer 5

superior olivary complex (SOC) in the pons

Question 6

The SOC is the first place for

Answer 6

binaural convergence

Question 7

Subsequently the SOC projects to

Answer 7

inferior colliculus

Question 8

Inferior colliculus relays both (pattern and localization) pathways to

Answer 8

medial geniculate nucleus of the thalamus

Question 9

Medial geniculate fibers terminate in

Answer 9

primary auditory cortex (A-I, area 41)

 Located in superior temporal lobe, Heschel’s gyrus

Question 10

For sound localization and pattern recognition, there are multiple crossover so all levels are biaural except

Answer 10

cochlear nucleus

Question 11

for auditory when you try to diagnose lesions, laterlization insn’t very helpful because

Answer 11

they paths from both ears converge so soon

Question 12

Heschels gyrus is area ____ and located in

Answer 12

41

superior temporal lobe

Question 13

We have an expansion on the left cortex d/t

Answer 13

wernikes area

Question 14

Primary auditory cortex projects to multiple higher order cortical areas surrounding

Answer 14

A-I

Question 15

o In the left hemisphere of humans, this includes _______ – important for speech interpretation. Note expansion of cortex on the left.

Answer 15

Wernicke’s area

Question 16

unless the lesion occurs peripherally or in the cochlear nucleus…..

Answer 16

This duplication of pathways makes it difficult to selectively cut afferents from one ear or from one part of the frequency spectrum

Question 17

The topography of the receptor array is______in the nervous system

Answer 17

preserved

Question 18

For an auditory nerve cell , the region of the basilar membrane to which it is responsive describes

Answer 18

The “receptive field”

Question 19

A cell’s best frequency is called the

Answer 19

characteristic frequency

Question 20

how well a cell responds to higher and lower frequencies.

Answer 20

Frequency tuning curve

Question 21

Increasing sound intensity makes the tuning curve

Answer 21

broaden.

Question 22

Cortex surrounding the primary auditory area, A1, is responsible for

Answer 22

higher order processing of sound

Question 23

o Wiernicke’s area is important for

o Broca’s area is important for

Answer 23

speech analysis

speech production.

Question 24

Lesions of auditory cortex do not affect sensation of simple sounds but disrupt

Answer 24

perception of complex sounds such as speech

Question 25

Higher order cortical areas can contain cells that are selectively responsive to combinations of

Answer 25

tones, such as those found in speech sounds.

Question 26

cortex where cells can be selectively responsive to featurse of sound

Answer 26

audiorty cortex
example:
This slide shows the responses of a neuron in auditory cortex that responds little to a single tone but strongly to a combination of two tones.
o Adding a third tone, suppresses the response

Question 27

______ and______ differences in the two ears can be used to locate a sound

Answer 27

Binaural time

intensity

Question 28

complex contains cellular structures uniquely designed to detect auditory time and intensity differences

Answer 28

The superior olivary

Question 29

This type of circuitry in the superior olive can create a neural code for location in space

Answer 29

“Temporal coincidence”