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Med Neur 2 > Anterolateral Column > Flashcards

Anterolateral Column Flashcards

1
Q

unspleasant SENSORY and EMOTIONAL experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage

A

Pain

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2
Q

Why do people experience pain dif

A

Genetics: receptor densities, nocieptor threshold, density of innervation, descending control
Past experiences

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3
Q

Complex cognitive perception of noxious stimulus in context of ind genetic makeup, envir,

A

Pain

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4
Q

Perception of pain is very

A

individual

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5
Q

decreased sensitivity to pain

A

hypoalgesia

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6
Q

lack of pain

A

analgesia

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7
Q

lack of thermal sensation

A

Athermia

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8
Q

lack of all sensation

A

anesthesia

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9
Q

heightnened sensitivity to any stimulus

A

hypersthesia

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10
Q

unpleasant, abnormal sensation, tingling, pringing

A

Parestheisa

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11
Q

increased pain from normally painful stimulus

A

hyperalgesia

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12
Q

pain from normally non-painful stimulus

A

allydynia

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13
Q

Pain that doesn’t go away
pain contineus after complete healing neuropathic
pain occurs in absense of any obvious injury

A

chronic pain

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14
Q

soft tissue damage causes

A

nociceptive pain

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15
Q

inflammation of soft tissues causes activation of

A

nocicpetors terminals in skin

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16
Q

Inflammatory chemicals and immune cells activate receptors on:

A

free nerve endings of C fibers

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17
Q

a sensitized nociceptor has:

A

lower threshold and respond

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18
Q

Neruopathis pain is:

A

nerves directly damaged

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19
Q

Type of feeling we get with neuropathic pain

A

burns, electrical quiality, allydynia to light touch

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20
Q

does neuropathy respond to NSAIDS or optiates

A

nope

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21
Q

Anterolateral path is a combination of:

A

several ASCENDING tracts of fibers

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22
Q

What type of info does the anterolateral system send to cortex

A

pain and temperature

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23
Q

Damage to anterolateral pathway IG causes

A

loss of pain and temp sensation below lesion while fine touch and vibrtaion okay

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24
Q

Which is more complex, dorsal column or anterolatera

A

anterolateral– dif paths and terminates in dif places

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25
Q

Noxious, thermal, chem stimuli activate AP in:

A

free nerve ending of Adelta or C-fiber nocicpetors of skin or joints

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26
Q

These fibers medate first pain; sharp, fast and pricking, short lasting

A

Adelta

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27
Q

pain fiber that is reflexive

A

A-Delta

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28
Q

mediate second pain, delayed burn quality, long lasting and chronic

A

C-fibers

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29
Q

C fibers are long or short lasting

A

long

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30
Q

A delta is long or short lastin

A

short

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31
Q

Where do Central processes of nociceptors enter the lateral dorsal horn

A

via Dorsal lateral tract of Lissauer

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32
Q

Where do central pain processs synapse once in sp cd

A

on the sp cd neurons of teh superfical dorsal horn

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33
Q

What lamina in the superficia dorsal horn do central process nociceptors synapse on

A

Lamina I/II or V

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34
Q

How do nociceptors activate receptors on sp neurons

A

nociceptors release glutamate and substance P to activate them

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35
Q

2nd order sp neurons send axons _________ of sp cd

A

COnTRALAERAL

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36
Q

Loss of pain and temp below level of lesion on contralateral side

A

lesion of anterolateral system

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37
Q

Lesion of anterolateral system is complete withing

A

2-3 segments below lesion

38
Q

Where does the second neuron cross to other side

A

via the anterior commisure

39
Q

Unilatreal anterolateral tract lesion results in

A

lose pain and temp on contralateral side

40
Q

Bilateral anterolaterel tract lesion results in

A

loes pain and temp bilaterally

41
Q

common type of bilatereal anterolateral lesion

A

Anterior cord syndrome

42
Q

Common causes of anterior cord syndrome

A

disc herneations, bone frags, loss of blood supply

43
Q

hole in center of sp cd

A

central cord syndrome

44
Q

Causes of central cord syndrome

A

syringomyelia: cavity or cysts in center of sp cd from trauma, tumors, congential abnormatility
- -cervile sp cd is very flexible so you can get inside of it stressed out (often diving or falling)

45
Q

Lesion cuts crossing axons of 2nd order neurons that are making their way to anterolateral tracts before they ascend rostrally

A

Central Cord syndrome

46
Q

c. Deficiets of central cord syndrome

A

Bilateral loss of pain and temp

-small hole can spare dorsal columns and anterolateral tracts

47
Q

What derms are affected with central cord sydrome

A

–affects only dermatomes of spinal level where lesion exsists.
(so if hole is C3-T4 you have loss of pin prick and temp but maintain jt pos and light touch and vibration)

48
Q

Three major anterolateral paths all begin in

A

sp cd

49
Q

Three major anterolatreal paths ascend…

A

adjacent to each other in anterolateral track and terminate in dif locations

50
Q

Spinothalmic tract terminates in

A

thalamus

51
Q

Spinoreticular tract terminates in

A

reticular formation (in medulla or pons)

52
Q

Spinomesencephalic trct terminates in

A

mesencephalon (midbrain)

53
Q

Most 2nd neurons termiante in

A

spinothalmic tract

54
Q

this is our most prominent pain pathway

A

spinothalmic

55
Q

spinothamic mediates ________ apsects of pain

A

discriminative

–location, intentisty, duration of stimulus

56
Q

In thalamus, axons from body terminate in 2 nuclei:

A

Ventral Poserior lateral

Central lateral nucleus

57
Q

The VPL is in the_____ and recieves___

A

thalamus

pain info from body

58
Q

3rd order axons project to ______ from teh VPL

A

SI cortex (Areas 3b, 1, 2)

59
Q

What is our priniciple relay nucleus for DISCRIMINITIVE pain infor from body

A

the VPL

60
Q

VPL localized where noxius stimulus on body occurred and _____

A

how intense it is

it’s pain qualities

61
Q

What localizes where noxious stimulus on body occured and how intense it is/pain quality

A

VPL in the spinothalmic tract

62
Q

What two things have input into the VPL

A

spinothalmic and dorsal column/medial lemniscus

63
Q

The Cental lateral nucleus is part of:

A

intralaminar nuclie

64
Q

3rd order axons from CL project to:

A

many areas on cortex and limbic cortex (cingulate gyrus and hippocampus, amygdala)

65
Q

involved in emotional suffering during chronic pain and memory of pain event

A

Central lateral nucleus

66
Q

is the CL somatotopically organized

A

NO

67
Q

a. Process nocireceptive info: begin crude pain and temp sensation, begin emotional suffering rxns

A

Thalamus

68
Q

Thalamic nuclei will relay info to SI cortex: 3rd order neurons pass through_________ , corona radiata to SI cortex

A

posteior limb of internal capsule

69
Q

CC lesions of thalamus would affect

A

way we process pain

70
Q

2nd order axons terminates in reticular formation (in medulla and pons)

A

Spinoreticular tract

71
Q

Reticular formation processing affects how:

A

we give attention to painful stimulus

72
Q

Involved in emotional, arousal, attention, affective response to noxoius stimulus

A

spinoreticular tract

73
Q

. 2nd order axons terminate in mesencephalon (midbrain) in superior colliculus and Periaqueductal Gray (PAG)~ tissue around cerebral aqueduct

A

Spinomesenphalic

74
Q

Spinomesenphalic tract has 2nd order neourons that terminate here:

A

midbrain in superior colliculus and Periaquiductal gray (PAG)

75
Q

Neourons in PAG do what

A

send axons back down spinal cord = descending contrl pathway

76
Q

tract stimulates descending control to inhibit pain signals coming up

A

Spinomesenphalic

77
Q

PAG and superior colliculus are located in

A

midbrain

78
Q

Tract for discrimination

A

Spinothalmic (something sharp is in my left toe)

79
Q

Tract for attention/arousal/affect

A

spinoreticular (ouch, that hurts)

80
Q

Endogenous pain reliefe

A

Spinomesenphalic tract (that feels better)

81
Q

Thalamic neurons from VPL project to

A

Somatorsensory cortex SI:

3b, 1, 2 and SII cortex

82
Q

Primary somatosensory cortex (S1) postcentral gyrus parietal lobe

A

d. Broadmann areas 3, 1, and 2

e. arms and neck medial/// legs are lateral

83
Q

part of limbic system

a. Processes emotional component of pain: Fear, anxiety, depression, anger, attention

A

Cingulate gyrus:

84
Q

: Process info on interal, autonimic state of body (heart races, rapid breaths, dry mouth ,people w/ chronic stress can’t sleep)

A

Insular Cortex

85
Q

Asymbolia for pain~ they can percieve the pain

A

Lesion insular cortex:

86
Q

integrartes discriminitive, affective, emotional, cognitive components of pain
big PROCESSOR or INTEGRATOR of pain

A

Insular cortex

87
Q

Neurons with Cell Bodies in PAG

1. Sends axons to
   a. Others send axons to
A 
Raphe nuclei (medulla) ~ release Nepi
 Locus ceruleus (pons) release Seretoni
88
Q

Raphe nuclei is located in:

releases:

A

medulla

Nepi

89
Q

Locus ceruleis located in:

releases:

A

pons

seratonin

90
Q

Neurons from Raphe nuclie or Locus cerules send axons to sp cd to

	a. Synapse on \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
	b. Suppresses transmission of
A

inhibitory interneurons or Spinothalmic tract neurons (inhibit)
ascending noxious info to thalamus and cortex

91
Q

Why do we get referred pain?

A

visceral nocireceptors and somatic nocireceptors converge and synapse onto the same 2nd order spinothalmic tract neurons

	a. Somatic stimuli occur frequently but visceral stimuli are infrequent
	b. Brain will interprest any spinothalmic tract impulses as pain from somatic tissue

Med Neur 2 (12 decks)

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