Chemical Rxns Flashcards

1
Q

What is a chemical reaction?

A

When a new substance is formed

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2
Q

5 main types of chemical rxns?

A
  1. Synthesis
  2. Decomposition
  3. Single displacement
  4. Double displacement
  5. Combustion
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3
Q

What is a synthesis Rxn?

A

2+ combine to form one substance

A+B=AB

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4
Q

What is a decomposition rxn?

A
Compound breaks down into 2+ elems or comps
AB= A+B
C=C+C
C=C+E
C=E+E
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5
Q

What happens when a substance decomposes that contains a carbonate?

A

It will decompose to create CO(2).

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6
Q

What is a single displacement Rxn?

A

Element will kick out a similar one in a compound. Must be strong enough.

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7
Q

Single Displacement: how do know what element is stronger?

A

The activity series.

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8
Q

Single Displacement: what are the two cases with H?

A
  1. Hydrogen in water: treat H as metal

2. H in acids or compounds: treat H as metal

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9
Q

Single Displacement: What do you do when the single element is a nonmetal?

A

The nonmetal kicks out the one in the compound if it is strong enough.

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10
Q

What is a double displacement Rxn?

A

AB + CD= AD + CB

Metals and non metals switch partners

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11
Q

Double displacement Rxn: What is the first type? Define. Does it always work?

A

Produces a precipitate
2 (aq) react to create an (aq) and a (s)
Check solubility chart to see if it is a (s)
If not, no rxn or check 2nd and 3rd type

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12
Q

Double displacement Rxn: What is the second type? List the steps.

A

If no (s) produced from 1st type, check if one can further decompose into water and a gas.
If can, reaction happens. If not NR unless neutralization.
1. Double displacement
2.Decompose one of the Compounds into water and a gas
3.Rewrite

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13
Q

Double displacement rxn: What is the third type?

A

Neutralization. Check neutralization deck for more.

Acid(aq) + Base(aq) –> salt(aq) +water(l)

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14
Q

What is a combustion rxn? How many subtypes? Name them.

A
Carbon compound reacting with O(2)
Must have spark
Produces energy
1. Complete combustion
2. Incomplete combustion
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15
Q

What is complete combustion?

A

_C compound + _O(2)(excess) –> _CO(2) + _H(2)O +E

Quite stable
“Good”

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16
Q

What is incomplete combustion?

A

_C comp. + _O(2)(lack) –>_CO(2) + _H(2)O + _C + _CO +E

“Bad”

17
Q

What are the 2 subtypes of chemical reactions?

A

Endothermic

Exothermic

18
Q

What is an endothermic rxn?

A

Energy eNters the rxn
A rxn in which the energy is absorbed for rxn to proceed/ continue
Lab- temp decrease
Paper- energy will be written on the reactant side

19
Q

What is an exothermic rxn?

A

Energy eXits the rxn
Energy released to surroundings
Lab- temp rises
Paper- energy written on products side