Chemical Kinetics Flashcards
What are the two questions that arise when we want to do chemical kinetics?
- How fast will the reaction occur?
2. What exactly will happen on a molecular level?
What are the 6 factors of the rates of chemical reactions?
1) The nature of the reactants
2) The reaction medium
3) The concentration of the reactants
4) The temperature
5) The surface area of solid rectants
6) The presence of a catalyst
What is the molar rate
Increase of products and decrease of reactants in unit time
What is the relative rate of reaction
The values must be numerically equal at all times
What does the decreasing value need to be to be numerically equal?
Negative
Associate: Products/Reactants with Increasing/Decreasing
Products are increasing, reactants are decreasing
What is collision theory based on
Mechanics
What is transition state theory based on
Thermodynamics
What does the speed of a reaction depend on (2)
- Temperature
2. Concentration rate
Under what condition do reactive collisions occur?
Kinetic Energy is greater or equal to Activation Energy
What does the stetic factor determine
The orientation of the reacting particles
What does N/N0 mean
Number of molecules with Ekin>/Ea ON number of molecules total.
What is the maxwell-boltzman distribution of gas particles?
Most particles have a moderate amount of energy, less have high/low energy
Conditions that affect reaction rates (3)
- Total # of collisions (by temperature and concentration)
- Fraction of effective collisions (by temperature and lower Ea)
- Lower Ea (by catalyst)
What is a catalysis
When the rate of a chemical reaction is accelerated by a substance which is unchanged chemically in the process
