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Biology > Chemical Foundation Of life > Flashcards

Chemical Foundation Of life Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Any substance that occupies space and has mass

A

Matter

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2
Q

Unique forms of matter with specific chemical and physical properties that can not be broken down into smaller substances by ordinary chemical reactions

A

Element

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3
Q

Oxygen
Carbon
Nitrogen
Hydrogen

A

Common element in all living organism

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4
Q

Smallest unit of matter that retains all of the element chemical properties

A

Atom

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5
Q

Proton +
Neutron no charge
Electron -

Proton 1 mass
Neutron 1mass
Electron no mass

A

Element nucleus and characteristics of (neutron/electron/proton)

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6
Q

Proton determines atomic number
Neutron and proton determines atomic mass
Electron is the smallest

A

What is a proton and neutron

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7
Q

Different forms of an element that have the same # of protons but different # of neutron
Ex C14, C13,C12

A

Isotope

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8
Q

Ability to combine and chemically bond with each other

A

Chemical reactivity

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9
Q

Two or more atoms chemically bonded together

A

Molecules

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10
Q

8 electrons to be full and stable

A

Octet rule

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11
Q

1s,2s,

A

Electron configuration

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12
Q

States that the rate of a reaction is proportional to the concentration of the reacting substances

A

Law of mass action

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13
Q

+ ions that form by losing electrons

A

Cations

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14
Q
  • ions that form by gaining an electron
A

Anion

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15
Q

Names changes for example chlorine to chloride

A

Anxions

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16
Q

Electron is transferred from one to another

A

Electron transfer

17
Q

When opposite charges of ions form

NA CL

A

Ionic bond

18
Q

More common in living organism and share a bond usually two non metals. Triple bond is the strongest

A

Covalent bonds

19
Q

Are weak attractions or interactions between molecules.

Molecules need to. E close to interact.

A

Van de warls

20
Q

What is in the atomic nucleus

A

Proton and neutrons

21
Q

What is Neutron and Proton measured in

A

Dalton

22
Q

Valence

A

Bonding capacity

23
Q

Electro negativity

A

Is an atoms attraction for the electrons in a covalent bond

24
Q

Non polar covalent bond

A

Atoms share the electron equally
Double bond 2 shared electron (4)
Triple bond 3shared electron (6)

25
Q

Polar covalent bond

A

One atom is more electro negativity and the atoms do not share the electron equally

26
Q

When do hydrogen Hydrogen bonds form

A

A hydrogen atom covalently bonded to one atom is also attracted to another electronegative atom.

Usually oxygen,nitrogen atoms

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