Chemical Foundation Of life Flashcards
Any substance that occupies space and has mass
Matter
Unique forms of matter with specific chemical and physical properties that can not be broken down into smaller substances by ordinary chemical reactions
Element
Oxygen
Carbon
Nitrogen
Hydrogen
Common element in all living organism
Smallest unit of matter that retains all of the element chemical properties
Atom
Proton +
Neutron no charge
Electron -
Proton 1 mass
Neutron 1mass
Electron no mass
Element nucleus and characteristics of (neutron/electron/proton)
Proton determines atomic number
Neutron and proton determines atomic mass
Electron is the smallest
What is a proton and neutron
Different forms of an element that have the same # of protons but different # of neutron
Ex C14, C13,C12
Isotope
Ability to combine and chemically bond with each other
Chemical reactivity
Two or more atoms chemically bonded together
Molecules
8 electrons to be full and stable
Octet rule
1s,2s,
Electron configuration
States that the rate of a reaction is proportional to the concentration of the reacting substances
Law of mass action
+ ions that form by losing electrons
Cations
- ions that form by gaining an electron
Anion
Names changes for example chlorine to chloride
Anxions
Electron is transferred from one to another
Electron transfer
When opposite charges of ions form
NA CL
Ionic bond
More common in living organism and share a bond usually two non metals. Triple bond is the strongest
Covalent bonds
Are weak attractions or interactions between molecules.
Molecules need to. E close to interact.
Van de warls
What is in the atomic nucleus
Proton and neutrons
What is Neutron and Proton measured in
Dalton
Valence
Bonding capacity
Electro negativity
Is an atoms attraction for the electrons in a covalent bond
Non polar covalent bond
Atoms share the electron equally
Double bond 2 shared electron (4)
Triple bond 3shared electron (6)
