Cell chapter Flashcards
Cell cycle
is an ordered series of events involving cell growth and cell division that produces two new daughter cells
How many stages of cell cycle
interphase and the mitotic phase
Interphase of Cell cycle
the cell undergoes normal growth processes while also preparing for cell division. In order for a cell to move
from interphase into the mitotic phase, many internal and external conditions must be met. The three stages of interphase are
calledG1, S, and G2.
cytokinesis.
During the mitotic phase (2nd part), the replicated DNA and cytoplasmic contents are separated, and the cell cytoplasm is typically partitioned by a third process of the cell cycle.
G1 Phase (First Gap)
during the G1 stage, the cell is quite active at the biochemical level. The cell is accumulating the building blocks of
chromosomal DNA and the associated proteins as well as accumulating sufficient energy reserves to complete the task of
replicating each chromosome in the nucleus.
mitotic spindle
the apparatus that orchestrates the movement of chromosomes during mitosis. (Guide for chromosomes)
S Phase (Synthesis of DNA)
DNA remains semi condensed stage, DNA replication
can proceed through the mechanisms that result in the formation of identical pairs of DNA molecules—sister chromatids—that are firmly attached to the centromeric region.
G2 Phase (Second Gap)
cell replenishes its energy stores and synthesizes proteins necessary for chromosome manipulation and
movement. Some cell organelles are duplicated, and the cytoskeleton is dismantled to provide resources for the mitotic phase. first phase must be complete prior to mitosis phase.
Karyokinesis (nuclear division)
The first portion of the mitotic phase
Mitosis (Karyiokinesis)
is divided into a series of phases—prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase—that result in the division of the cell nucleus.
