Chemical Formulas, Naming Bonds, Formulas and Naming of Ionic Compounds (3.1 - 3.4)

Question 1

Chemical Nomenclature

Answer 1

the systematic naming of chemical substances

Question 2

Formula Unit

Answer 2

the group of atoms represented by a chemical formula

Question 3

Ionic Compounds

Answer 3

compounds made of metal atoms bonded to nonmetal atoms

Question 4

Covalent Compounds

Answer 4

compounds containing only metal and/ or metalloids bonded together (a.k.a molecular compound)

Question 5

Diatomic Elements

Answer 5

molecules containing 2 atoms (H, N, O, F, Cl, Br, I)

Question 6

Allotropes and example

Answer 6

• 1 of 2 or more forms of an uncombined element

- ex: diamond and graphite are allotropes of carbon

Question 7

Binary Compounds

Answer 7

compounds made up of exactly 2 elements

Question 8

Do both covalent and ionic compounds need prefixes?

Answer 8

No, only covalent compounds use prefixes

Question 9

Number Prefixes

Answer 9

1 - mono- 
2 - di- 
3 - tri- 
4 - tetr(a)- 
5 - pent(a)- 
6 - hex(a)
7 - hept(a)
8 - oct(a)
9 - non(a)
10 - dec(a)

Question 10

What is done if a prefix is added to the first name in a compound name?

Answer 10

the second element also receives its prefix with -ide added as a suffix

Question 11

Naming system of binary compounds with H

Answer 11

they mostly follow the acid naming system unless they’re a compound such as ammonia that ends with H and isn’t considered an acid

Question 12

What happens when ionic binary compounds are formed?

Answer 12

the metal atmos each give one or more of their electrons to the nonmetal atoms

Question 13

What electrical state are all compounds in?

Answer 13

a neutral state (total pos charge = total neg charge)

Question 14

Polyatomic atom

Answer 14

an ion composed of 2 or more atoms bonded together (creates an overall net charge)

Question 15

What are the majority of ionic compounds made up of

Answer 15

1 cation and 1 anion

Question 16

3 main types of cations and their naming rules

Answer 16

1. Polyatoic Cations
   
   • names must be memorized
2. Monatomic Metal Cations w/ Constant Charge
   
   • the name of the element followed by “ion”
3. Monatomic metal Cations w/ Variable Charge
   
   • the name of the element followed by roman numeral in parenthesis to indicate its charge

Question 17

Main types of anions and their naming rules

Answer 17

1. Monoatomic ions
   
   • named by changing the ending of the elements name to -ide
2. Polyatomic anions
   
   • named using -ide suffix as though they’re monoatomic anions

Question 18

Naming Ionic Compounds

Answer 18

stating the name of the cation followed by the name of the anion

Question 19

Naming Hydrates

Answer 19

named by stating the name of the ionic compound 1st then combine a prefix that identifies the number of water molecules with the word “hydrate” at the end

Question 20

Hydrate

Answer 20

an ionic compound that had water molecules bonded to it