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Advanced Higher Chemistry > Chemical Equilibrium > Flashcards

Chemical Equilibrium Flashcards

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1
Q

What does k represent?

A

The value of an equilibrium constant indicates the position of equilibrium

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2
Q

What have a value of 1 in equilibrium expression

A

The concentrations of pure solids and pure liquids

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3
Q

What is k dependent and independent of?

A

dependent of temperature
independent of concentration and pressure

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4
Q

For endothermic reactions, a rise in temperature causes?

A

an increase in k and the yield of the product is increased

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5
Q

For exothermic reactions, a rise in temperature causes?

A

a decrease in k and the yield of the product is decreased

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6
Q

Water equilibrium?

A

H2O + H20 arrow OH- + H30+

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7
Q

Word to describe water?

A

amphoteric

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8
Q

The dissociation constant?

A

Kw

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9
Q

At 25°C the value of Kw is approximately?:

A

1 × 10-14

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10
Q

The Brønsted-Lowry definitions of acids and bases state?

A

an acid is a proton donor and
a base is a proton acceptor

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11
Q

What is a strong acids and strong bases?

A

completely dissociated into ions in aqueous solution

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12
Q

What is weak acids and weak bases?

A

only partially dissociated into ions in aqueous solution

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13
Q

Examples of strong acids include?

A

hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid

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14
Q

Examples of weak acids?

A

Ethanoic acid, carbonic acid and sulfurous acid

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15
Q

Strong bases?

A

Solutions of metal hydroxides

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16
Q

Example of weak bases?

A

Ammonia and amines

17
Q

acid dissociation constant?

A

Ka

18
Q

A soluble salt of a strong acid and a strong base dissolves in water to produce?

A

a neutral solution

19
Q

The first part of the name of a salt identifies? The second part of the name of a salt identifies?

A

alkali/base was used to make the salt and the acid used to make the salt respectively

20
Q

A buffer contains what?

A

a weak acid/base and a salt

21
Q

acid indicator dissociation constant?

A

kin

22
Q

the colour of an acid indicator is distinctly different from?

A

conjugate base

23
Q

The colour of the indicator is determined by?

A

the ratio [Hin] to [In-]

24
Q

The theoretical point at which colour change occurs is when?

A

[H30+] = kin

25
Q

The colour change is assumed to be distinguishable when?

A

[Hin] and [In-] differ by a factor ten

26
Q

The pH range over which a colour change occurs can be estimated by the expression

A

pH= pkin +/- 1

Advanced Higher Chemistry (8 decks)

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