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Intro 2 to General/Inorganic Chem > Chemical equilibirum > Flashcards

Chemical equilibirum Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a dynamic equilibrium?

A
  • conc. of all are constant
  • forward/reverse are same rate
  • continue to occur at molecular level same
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2
Q

Does a reaction always occur if ∆G is negative, spontaneous?

A

May not occur if activation energy is too high at room temperature

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3
Q

What is a reaction that is kinetically hindered at room temperature due too high Ea called?

A

metastable system

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4
Q

Haber Bosch process

A

3H2 + N2 <=> 2NH3

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5
Q

What is a saturated solution?

A

solution with fixed composition (constant concentration) no more solvent can be dissolved:
rate of dissolution = rate of precipitation

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6
Q

How is a super saturated solution formed?

A

When the temperature is cooled down, a super saturated solution is formed, where crystallization is HINDERED

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7
Q

Draw a diagram of a solubility equilibrium

A

diagram

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8
Q

What is the common ion effect?

A

addition of present ion

  • shifts equilibrium to the left
  • solubility decreases
  • precipitation occurs
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9
Q

in a coupled equilibira, is the concentration of salt with lower or higher solubility more affected?

A

lower solubility more affected

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10
Q

Are univalent oxoacids soluble or insoluble?

A

soluble

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11
Q

What are exceptions of univalent oxoacids that are not soluble?

A

no

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12
Q

Are halides soluble or insoluble?

A

soluble

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13
Q

Exceptions to Halides that are not soluble

A
  • Group 2 Fluorides

- Cu, Ag, Pb, Hg

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14
Q

Are sulfates soluble or insoluble?

A

soluble

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15
Q

Exceptions to sulfates that are insoluble

A

Group 2, Ag, Pb, Hg

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16
Q

Are chromates/selenates soluble or insoluble?

A

soluble (exceptions similar to sulfates)

17
Q

Are carbonates soluble or insoluble?

A

insoluble

18
Q

exceptions of carbonates that are soluble

A
  • group 1, NH4+
  • acidic carbonates
  • Na2CO3
19
Q

are sulfides soluble or insoluble?

A

insoluble

20
Q

Exceptions of sulfides that are soluble

A
  • group 1, 2
  • NH4+
  • Al/Cr (decompose)
21
Q

Are phosphates soluble or insoluble?

A

insoluble

22
Q

Exceptions of phosphates that are soluble

A
  • group 1

- NH4+

23
Q

Are hydroxides soluble or insoluble?

A

insoluble

24
Q

Exceptions of hydroxides that are soluble

A

Group 1

25
Q

Do group 1 metal cations form soluble or insoluble salts?

A

insoluble

26
Q

What is a super saturated solution?

A

contains more of the dissolved material than could be dissolved by the solvent under normal circumstances.

Intro 2 to General/Inorganic Chem (6 decks)

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