Chemical Elements- Biological Compounds

Question 1

Two types of ions

Answer 1

Organic and inorganic

Question 2

What are all substances made out of

Answer 2

Atoms of elements

Question 3

What are molecules

Answer 3

Made up of 2 or more atoms

Question 4

What is an organic ion

Answer 4

Molecules that have a high proportion of carbon atoms

Question 5

What is an inorganic ion?

Answer 5

Molecule/ion that has no more than one carbon atom

Question 6

What are positively charged ions

Answer 6

Lost one or more electrons and have more protons than electrons

Question 7

What are positively charged ions

Answer 7

Lost one or more electrons and have more protons than electrons

Question 8

What is an ion with a negatively charged ion?

Answer 8

Gained one or more electron- and has more electrons than protons

Question 9

What can molecules have?

Answer 9

Polar
Non polar

Question 10

What is polar and non polar?

Answer 10

Polar- slight charge
Non polar- non charge

Question 11

What are compounds made out of?

Answer 11

2 or more elements and can include metal and non metal

Question 12

What do living organisms need?

Answer 12

A variety of inorganic ions to survive

Question 13

What are inorganic ions also called?

Answer 13

Electrolytes or minerals

Question 14

What are inorganic ions used for?

Answer 14

Lots of cellular processes e.g muscle contraction, Coordination

Question 15

What are the macronutrients

Answer 15

There are 4 Macronutrients
Magnesium
Iron
Phosphate
Calcium

Question 16

What are macronutrients

Answer 16

Needed in small concentration

Question 17

What are macronutrients

Answer 17

Needed in small concentration

Question 18

What is micronutrients

Answer 18

Needed in minute concentrations

Question 19

What is magnesium used for?

Answer 19

Important constituent of chlorophyll and is essential for photosynthesis

Question 20

What is magnesium used for in animals and plants

Answer 20

•Mammals need it for their bones

•Plants without magnesium in soil cannot make chlorophyll and the leaves turn yellow - a condition called chlorosis
Growth is often stunted from lack of glucose

Question 21

What is iron?

Answer 21

Iron is a constituent of haemoglobin which transports oxygen in the red blood cells

Question 22

What can a lack of iron in the diet lead to?

Answer 22

Anaemia

Question 23

What is phosphate used for?

Answer 23

Used for making nucleotides (basic unit of nucleic acids/DNA) including ATP and are a constituent of phospholipids, found in biological membranes

Question 24

What is calcium

Answer 24

Calcium like phosphate is an important structural component of:
Hardens not strengthens
•bones
•teeth
in mammals
is a component of cell walls providing strength

Question 25

What property of water makes it cohesion

Answer 25

Water molecules attract each other forming hydrogen bonds. Individually these are weak, but when there is many they are stronger. The molecules stick together in a lattice. Sticking together us called cohesion, it allows volumes to be drawn up the xylem vessels in plants

Question 26

What property of water makes it cohesion

Answer 26

Water molecules attract each other forming hydrogen bonds. Individually these are weak, but when there is many they are stronger. The molecules stick together in a lattice. Sticking together us called cohesion, it allows volumes to be drawn up the xylem vessels in plants

Question 27

What property of water makes it have high surface tension

Answer 27

At normal temperature water has the highest surface tension or any liquids except mercury In a pond cohesion between water particles at the surface produces surface tension so that the body of the insect is supported

Question 28

What property of water makes it have high surface tension

Answer 28

At normal temperature water has the highest surface tension or any liquids except mercury In a pond cohesion between water particles at the surface produces surface tension so that the body of the insect is supported

Question 29

What property of water makes water have a high density

Answer 29

Water is denser than air as a habitat for aquatic organisms proving support and buoyancy Ice is less dense than liquid water because hydrogen bond molecules are further apart— ice floats, ice is a good insulator and prevents large bodies of water loosing heat and completely freezing so organisms beneath survive

Question 30

What property of water makes it transparent

Answer 30

Allows light to pass through so that aquatic plants can photosynthesise effectively