Chemical compounds in cells Flashcards
Element:
Any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances like gold
The smallest unit of element is a particle called
Atom
Single elements are made up of only how many kinds of atoms?
One
Compounds form when….
Two or more elements combine chemically
The smallest unit of compound is
Molecule
Many of compounds in living organisms contain…
Carbon
Most compounds that contain carbon are called…
Organic
Examples of organic compounds:
Nylon and polyester and living organisms
What does not contain carbon?
Inorganic compounds
Groups of organic compounds living things need:
Sugars and starches
Lipids:
CHO, long term energy source
Example of lipid:
Fats, oils, waxes like milk and ice cream
Proteins:
Large organic molecules, CHON
Example of proteins:
Muscles or meat, nuts, beans, fish, dairy products
Monomers of proteins:
Amino acids
Monomers of lipids:
Fatty acids
Enzymes:
Groups of proteins that speed up chemical reactions in living things
Nucleic Acids
Organic molecules, CHONP, contain instruction for cells to carry out all the functions of life
Examples of nucleic acids:
DNA and RNA
Monomer of nucleic acid:
Nucleotides
Carbohydrate:
CHO, fast source of energy
Examples of carbohydrates
Sugar, starch, grains, wheat, candy, cookies
Monomers of carbohydrates:
Monosaccharides
Water is important because….
Substances dissolve in water to react, water helps keep the plant cell shape, water protects cells from changing temperature rapidly, helps move materials in & out of the cell(osmosis)
