Cell Transport

Question 1

Cell Transport

Answer 1

Moving stuff into and out of cells

Question 2

How many types of cell transport

Answer 2

2

Question 3

Passive Transport:

Answer 3

No energy required

Question 4

Active Transport:

Answer 4

Energy Required

Question 5

In passive trans, substances move across cell membrane…

Answer 5

With concentration gradient

Question 6

In active trans, substances move across cell membrane…

Answer 6

Against the concentration gradient

Question 7

In passive, substances move from…

Answer 7

High to low

Question 8

In active, substances move from…

Answer 8

low to high

Question 9

Active is used to help move what?

Answer 9

Very large molecules that will not fit through the membrane or the transport proteins.

Question 10

Passive trans is also known as…

Answer 10

diffusion

Question 11

In order for molecules to diffuse…

Answer 11

a concentration gradient must exist

Question 12

Concentration gradient:

Answer 12

Difference of concentrations between two regions (must exist in order for molecule to flow)

Question 13

In passive the substances move from high to low because

Answer 13

it is spread out & it has to fit the volume it is in

Question 14

Brownian movement:

Answer 14

the random movement of particles

Question 15

in brownian movement, molecules are able to…

Answer 15

naturally diffuse

Question 16

In brownian movement particles suspended in a gas or a liquid…

Answer 16

are bombarded by fast moving atoms or molecules

Question 17

Equilibrium:

Answer 17

the state in which the concentrations on both sides of the semipermeable membrane are the same

Question 18

Once equilibrium is reached, diffusion…

Answer 18

decreases. the net rate is zero.

Question 19

semipermeable lets how much pass through?

Answer 19

some because it is like a net

Question 20

How many types of passive transport:

Answer 20

3 - simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis

Question 21

Simple Diffusion

Answer 21

molecules like oxygen and carbon dioxide simply diffuse through semipermeable mem without any aid of transport proteins.

Question 22

Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 22

the transport of polar substances or ions such as ions, salts, potassium in and out a semipermeable membrane that require transport proteins.

Question 23

Osmosis

Answer 23

the diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane

Question 24

Simple diffusion is passive or active?

Answer 24

passive

Question 25

In simple diffusion, substances that are nonpolar & have no charge can...

Answer 25

simply diffuse through the membrane

Question 26

Facilitated diffusion is passive or active?

Answer 26

passive

Question 27

In facilitated diffusion, molecules can only fit through if...

Answer 27

they can fit through and if they cannot they cant

Question 28

In facilitated transport, proteins are needed to...

Answer 28

assist ions & polar molecules because the inner portion of the cell is nonpolar & will stop any polar molecules trying to pass through.

Question 29

Types of transport proteins in facilitated diffusion:

Answer 29

channel proteins and carrier proteins

Question 30

Channel Proteins:

Answer 30

Simple tunnels/gates that molecules can use to enter or exit the cell

Question 31

Carrier Proteins:

Answer 31

Proteins that change their shape after interacting with a specific molecule in order to let it pass through.

Question 32

Ion channels:

Answer 32

Special channels used in passive transport

Question 33

Ion channels allow ions...

Answer 33

in & out of the cell mem with the concentration gradient (high to low)

Question 34

Example of ions:

Answer 34

Na+, K+, Cl-

Question 35

Large molecules need what to pass trough membranes?

Answer 35

Channels

Question 36

Osmosis:

Answer 36

Diffusion of water (high to low concentrations across semipermeable mem)

Question 37

Solutes:

Answer 37

Salt & water

Question 38

In normal osmosis, what is the direction of water?

Answer 38

towards the hypertonic side

Question 39

Hypertonic:

Answer 39

Concentration of water inside the cell is higher than concentration outside cell.

Question 40

In hypertonic solution, water diffuses from

Answer 40

high to low

Question 41

In hypertonic solution, water leaves or enter cell?

Answer 41

leaves cell

Question 42

Hypotonic:

Answer 42

Concentration of water inside cell is lower than concentration outside cell

Question 43

In hypotonic solution, water diffuses from

Answer 43

high to low

Question 44

In hypotonic solution,

Answer 44

water enters cell

Question 45

Isotonic

Answer 45

Water concentration stays equal inside & outside cell

Question 46

In isotonic solution, water...

Answer 46

enters & leaves cell at equal rates

Question 47

In isotonic movement, what is the net rate?

Answer 47

there is no net rate

Question 48

Examples of Active Transport

Answer 48

Endocytosis, Exocytosis, Sodium - Potassium Pump

Question 49

Endocytosis

Answer 49

A process in which cells surround & engulf substances that are too big to enter cell. Cell uses its own mem to engulf the substance into vesicle & bring it in.

Question 50

Exocytosis

Answer 50

When cell forms a vesicle around unwanted particles & expels it out the cell

Question 50

Sodium Potassium Pump

Answer 50

A specialized protein that pumps 3 sodium ions (Na+) out of cell for every 2 potassium ions (K+) that are moved into cell

Question 51

Sodium potassium pump moves sodium & potassium...

Answer 51

against the concentration gradient (low to high)

Question 52

Too much sodium causes cells to?

Answer 52

malfunction

Question 53

Cell mem:

Answer 53

Regulates what enters & leaves the cell, provides protection & support for cell, communicates with other cells.

Question 54

Polar:

Answer 54

likes water, head of phospholipid

Question 55

non polar:

Answer 55

hates water, tails of phospholipid

Question 56

Phospholipid:

Answer 56

lipid & phosphate group attached

Question 57

Proteins in plasma membrane

Answer 57

Transport proteins, marker proteins, receptor proteins

Question 58

Transport proteins

Answer 58

responsible for moving materials in & out of cell. can be used in active and passive

Question 59

Marker proteins

Answer 59

Name tags that identify the cell

Question 60

Receptor Proteins

Answer 60

allow the cell to interact & communicate with other cells by picking up signals from other cells