Chemical Charges Flashcards
Hydroxide
OH-
Anything with OH is usually alkaline!
Carbonate
CO3 2-
Nitrate
NO3 -
Sulfate
SO4 2-
Ammonium
NH4 +
Hydrogen ion
H +
anything with H+ is usually acid!
Copper (II) ion
Cu 2+
Iron (II) ion
Fe 2+
Iron (III) ion
Fe 3+
ionic charge for group 1, 2, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18?
1 - 1+
2 - 2+
13 - 3+
14 - 4+
15 - 3-
16 - 2-
17 - 1-
18 - 0 (noble gas)
Hydrochloric Acid
HCl (0 charge)
Sodium Hydroxide
NaOH (0 charge)
Potassium Hydroxide
KOH (0 charge)
Calcium Hydroxide
Ca(OH)2
aka limewater
Sulfuric Acid
H2SO4 (0 charge)
Nitric Acid
HNO3
Acid-metal reaction?
acid + reactive metal → hydrogen gas (H2) + salt (remnants)
Acid-carbonate reaction?
acid + carbonate → carbon dioxide (CO2) + water (H2O) + salt (remnants)
- when effervescence is observed / carbon dioxide is present, then it is an acid-carbonate reaction!
carbonate = CO3 + smth
Acid-Alkali Reaction
Acid + Alkali → Water (H2O) + salt (remnants)
- this is called neutralisation
- no gas is produced!
Test for CO2
Bubble gas into limewater, a white precipitate will form if CO2 is present
- for solid: odourless and colourless gas evolved
- for liquid: effervescence of colourless and odourless gas observed
- If CO2 is present, the reaction is an acid-carbonate reaction! (CO3 is one of the reactants)
Test for Hydrogen Gas (H2)
Hold lighted splint near edge of tube, the splint will extinguish with a ‘pop’ sound if hydrogen gas is present
- If H2 is present, the reaction is a acid-metal reaction!
Zinc ion charge?
Zn 2+
Copper ion charge?
Copper (II) -> Cu 2+
Iron ion charge?
Iron (II) -> Fe 2+
Iron (III) -> Fe 3+
