Chemical Changes And Structure Flashcards
What is a Nuetrons charge and relative mass?
Where are they found?
Neutrons are neutral so they have no charge , they have a relative mass of 1
They are found in the nucleus of an atom
Can covalent molecules conduct electricity?
No because there aren’t any charged particles that are free to move
What are the 4 types (shape) of covalent bonding ?
Linear, angular, trigonal pyramidal, tetrahedral
How can mass number be calculated?
By adding together the number of protons and neutrons in an atom
How do you calculate number of neutrons ?
Number of neutrons
=
Mass number - atomic number
What is nuclide notation?
Mass number SYMBOL
Atomic number SYMBOL
Eg
35 CL
17
Are protons positively or negatively charged?
Where are they found?
Protons are positively charged with a charge of 1+ and a relative mass of 1
They are found in the nucleus of an atom
When the temperature of a reaction is increased, what happens to rate of reaction?
Rate of reaction increases
What is a negative ion?
A particle that has more electrons than protons
What is an atomic number?
The number of protons in an atom
Atomic number is usually given next to the atomic symbol
Diatomic definition?
Molecules made up of 2 atoms
When the particle size of a solid reactant is increased what happens to rate of reaction?
The rate of reaction decreases
What is the electron arrangement of oxygen ?
2,6
What is electrons charge and relative mass?
Where are they found ?
Electrons are negatively charged with a charge of -1 and have virtually no mass
They are found orbiting the nucleus of an atom
What affects the rate of a chemical reaction?
Concentration, particle size, temperature and use of a catalyst
Are atoms positive, neutral or negatively charged?
Atoms are neutral because the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons
What happens if a catalyst is used in a reaction?
The rate of reaction increases
What is an ion?
Ions are charged particles which are formed when a particle gains or loses an electron
If an atom loses an electron a positive ion will form
If an atom gains an electron a negative ion will form
What is an isotope?
An atom with the same atomic number but different mass number
What is relative atomic mass and where can you find it?
It is an average atomic mass calculated for an element
Page 7 of the data booklet
How does a covalent bond form ?
A covalent bond forms when 2 positive nuclei are held together by their common attraction for a shared of electrons
What is the formula used to calculate rate of reaction?
Average reaction rate
=
Change in quantity
——————————
Change in timeWhat are the diatomic elements?
Hydrogen, nitrogen, fluorine, oxygen, iodine, chlorine and bromine
Have No Fear Of Ice Cold Beer
When is a solution formed?
When a solute is dissolved in a solvent
Solute- eg coffee or salt
Solvent- eh water
How do you calculate number of moles of a solute?
N= CxV
N= Number of moles (mol) C= Concentration of solution (mol l^-1) V= Volume of solution (litres, l)
What is the pH scale?
The pH scale is an indication of hydrogen ion concentration and runs from below 0 to above 14
What is an ionic bond ?
What is it’s structure ?
Ionic bonds are the electrostatic forces of attraction between positive ions and negative ions
Lattice structure
What are the 3 types of bonding?
Metallic covalent and ionic
Do ionic bonds conduct electricity as a liquid/solution ?
Yes they do
Ionic bonds do not conduct as a solid
