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Nat 5 chemistry > Chemical Changes And Structure > Flashcards

Chemical Changes And Structure Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a Nuetrons charge and relative mass?

Where are they found?

A

Neutrons are neutral so they have no charge , they have a relative mass of 1

They are found in the nucleus of an atom

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2
Q

Can covalent molecules conduct electricity?

A

No because there aren’t any charged particles that are free to move

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3
Q

What are the 4 types (shape) of covalent bonding ?

A

Linear, angular, trigonal pyramidal, tetrahedral

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4
Q

How can mass number be calculated?

A

By adding together the number of protons and neutrons in an atom

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5
Q

How do you calculate number of neutrons ?

A

Number of neutrons
=
Mass number - atomic number

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6
Q

What is nuclide notation?

A

Mass number SYMBOL
Atomic number SYMBOL

Eg

35 CL
17

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7
Q

Are protons positively or negatively charged?

Where are they found?

A

Protons are positively charged with a charge of 1+ and a relative mass of 1

They are found in the nucleus of an atom

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8
Q

When the temperature of a reaction is increased, what happens to rate of reaction?

A

Rate of reaction increases

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9
Q

What is a negative ion?

A

A particle that has more electrons than protons

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10
Q

What is an atomic number?

A

The number of protons in an atom

Atomic number is usually given next to the atomic symbol

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11
Q

Diatomic definition?

A

Molecules made up of 2 atoms

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12
Q

When the particle size of a solid reactant is increased what happens to rate of reaction?

A

The rate of reaction decreases

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13
Q

What is the electron arrangement of oxygen ?

A

2,6

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14
Q

What is electrons charge and relative mass?

Where are they found ?

A

Electrons are negatively charged with a charge of -1 and have virtually no mass

They are found orbiting the nucleus of an atom

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15
Q

What affects the rate of a chemical reaction?

A

Concentration, particle size, temperature and use of a catalyst

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16
Q

Are atoms positive, neutral or negatively charged?

A

Atoms are neutral because the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons

17
Q

What happens if a catalyst is used in a reaction?

A

The rate of reaction increases

18
Q

What is an ion?

A

Ions are charged particles which are formed when a particle gains or loses an electron

If an atom loses an electron a positive ion will form
If an atom gains an electron a negative ion will form

19
Q

What is an isotope?

A

An atom with the same atomic number but different mass number

20
Q

What is relative atomic mass and where can you find it?

A

It is an average atomic mass calculated for an element

Page 7 of the data booklet

21
Q

How does a covalent bond form ?

A

A covalent bond forms when 2 positive nuclei are held together by their common attraction for a shared of electrons

22
Q

What is the formula used to calculate rate of reaction?

A 
Average reaction rate 
              =
Change in quantity 
——————————
Change in time
23
Q

What are the diatomic elements?

A

Hydrogen, nitrogen, fluorine, oxygen, iodine, chlorine and bromine

Have No Fear Of Ice Cold Beer

24
Q

When is a solution formed?

A

When a solute is dissolved in a solvent

Solute- eg coffee or salt
Solvent- eh water

25
Q

How do you calculate number of moles of a solute?

A

N= CxV

N= Number of moles (mol)
C= Concentration of solution (mol l^-1)
V= Volume of solution (litres, l)
26
Q

What is the pH scale?

A

The pH scale is an indication of hydrogen ion concentration and runs from below 0 to above 14

27
Q

What is an ionic bond ?

What is it’s structure ?

A

Ionic bonds are the electrostatic forces of attraction between positive ions and negative ions

Lattice structure

28
Q

What are the 3 types of bonding?

A

Metallic covalent and ionic

29
Q

Do ionic bonds conduct electricity as a liquid/solution ?

A

Yes they do

Ionic bonds do not conduct as a solid

Nat 5 chemistry (4 decks)

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