Chemical Changes And Structure #4: Acids And Bases Flashcards
(80 cards)
Acids have a pH of…
Less than 7
Pure Water + Neutral Solutions have a pH…
of 7
Alkalis have a pH of…
Greater than 7
Why do chemists use electronic pH probes to accurately measure the pH of a solution?
Because using a colour chart is subjective
What do chemists use to accurately measure the pH of a solution?
pH probes
Examples of Acids
- Vinegar
- Lemonade
- Soda Water
- Coke
Examples of Alkalis
- Baking Soda
- Dishwasher Powder
- Bleach
Acids are compounds that produce ____ when dissolved in water
H+ (aq) ions
Alkalis are compounds that produce ____ when dissolved in water
OH- (aq) ions
Formula of Hydrochloric Acid
HCl
Ions present in Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
H+ (aq) and Cl- (aq)
Formula for sulfuric acid
H2 SO4
Ions Present in Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4)
2H+ (aq) and SO4 2- (aq)
Formula for Nitric Acid
HNO3
Ions present in Nitric Acid (HNO3)
H+(aq) and NO3 - (aq)
Formula for sodium hydroxide
NaOH
Ions Present in Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)
Na+ (aq) and OH- (aq)
Ions present in Potassium Hydroxide (KOH)
K+ (aq) and OH- (aq)
Formula of Potassium Hydroxide
KOH
Formula for Calcium Hydroxide
CaOH2
Ions present in Calcium Hydroxide (CaOH2)
Ca 2+ (aq) and 2OH-
How can you tell if something is an acid or alkali? ***
- It has the word acid in its name if it’s an acid
- It has the word hydroxide (OH-) in it if it’s an alkali
What is the concentration of H+ (aq) and OH- (aq) in neutral solutions?
It’s equal
Give an example of equal concentration in neutral solutions
H2O ⇌ H+ (aq) + OH- (aq)