chemical change Flashcards
what is word equation for sodium + oxygen
sodium + oxygen —> sodium oxide
what is oxidation
gain of oxygen/ loss of electrons
what is reduction
loss of oxygen/ gain of elections
name all ions in reactivity series from most to least reactive (14) (5,5,4)
potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, aluminium, carbon, zinc,iron, tin, lead, hydrogen, copper, silver, gold
what happens during a displacement reaction
the more reactive metal takes the place of a reactive metal in a compound or no change at all
why does gold not need to be extracted from ores
unreactive
what is used to extract unreactive metals from their ores
carbon
word equation for carbon and a metal oxide
carbon +metal oxide —> carbon dioxide + metal
what happens to metal and carbon when carbon is used to extract a metal from its ore
iron is reduced as it loses oxygen
carbon is oxidised as it gains oxygen
wrote a half equation for a metal in a redox reaction using Na and Al
Na —> Na^+ .+. e^-
Al —> Al^3+ .+. 3e^-
write a half equation for a non metal in a redox reaction using Br and O
Br2+ .+. 2e^- —> 2Br
O2 .+. 4e^- —>2O^-2
what is a redox reaction
reaction where oxidation and reduction takes place
word equation for reaction between a metal and acid
metal + acid —> salt + hydrogen
what 3 compounds can neutralise an acid ( with examples )
alkalis (soluble metal hydroxides)
bases (insoluble metal hydroxides and oxides)
metal carbonates
word equation for reaction of a metal hydroxides and acid
metal hydroxides + acid —> salt + water
equation for metal oxide and acid
metal oxide + acid —> salt + water
word equation for metal carbonate with acid
metal carbonate + acid —> salt + water + carbon dioxide
what is the formula for chloride
Cl^-
what is the formula for sulfate
SO4^2-
what is the formula for nitrate
NO3^-
what is the formula for carbonate
CO3^2-
what is the formula for hydroxide
OH^-
what is the first step in producing a salt from reactants
heat acid using a water bath
what is the second step for producing salt from reactants
add solid until no more will dissolve in solution
what is the third step for producing a salt from reactants
filter the solid from the solution using a funnel and filter paper
what is the fourth step for producing a salt from reactants
crystallise the salt by heating to evaporate the water and leave out to evaporate fully
symbol equation for the neutralisation reaction
H+ .+. OH- —> H2O
