Atmosphere Flashcards
what is the atmosphere made up of in percentages
nitrogen - 79%
oxygen - 20%
CO2 and water vapour - 1%
describe how the atmosphere has changed over time(6)
1) vilma bird releases gases/steams into air
2) earth began to cool
3) atmosphere was mainly CO2 and water vapour then it condensed and made oceans
4) green plants/ algae evolve in oceans
5) algae photosynthesise and evolve
6) more O2 in atmosphere so animals can survive
give 3 reasons why CO2 levels decreased
co2 taken in by plants during photosynthesis
plants full of co2 die and decompose and turn into fossil fuels
co2 dissolved in ocean turns into limestone
what gases cause global warming
co2 and methane
how are co2 and methane produced
burning fossil fuels and intensive cow farming
how do greenhouse gases cause global warming
trap energy reflected from the earths surface stopping it from escaping into space
what else could cause global warming
volcanoes erupting and releasing gases
give 4 effects of global warming
ice caps melting/ sea levels rising
draughts
flooding
increases wildfire
what is complete combustion
when a fuel is burnt in oxygen
what is the general equation for complete combustion
fuel + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water
what is the general equation for incomplete combustion
fuel + oxygen —> carbon monoxide + carbon + water
what does carbon/soot cause
global dimming and breathing problems
what do fossil fuels also contain and how does it react during combustion
sulfur and reacts to form sulfur dioxide which causes acid rain and breathing problems
what two gases cause acid rain
nitrogen oxide
sulfur dioxide
what is a carbon footprint
total amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases emitted over the full life cycle of a product service or event
