Chemical Bonds Chapter 6 Flashcards
define octet rule
elements obtain full valence shells (8) to obtain maximum stability
what is a chemical bond?
when atoms link together to form bonds
what elements does the octet rule not apply to?
first four or five elements in the periodic table
chemical bond is results in a change in what
energy
define covalent bonds
bonds formed by sharing electrons, this happens between nonmetals
what is an example of a covalent bond
H2O
define ionic bond
it involves a metal bonding to a nonmetal. it is an attraction of opposite charges
give an example of an ionic bond
NaF sodium flouride
what property affects covalent and ionic bonds?
polarity
define polarity
the tendency of an object to form 2 localized regions of opposite character
what determines bond polarity
electronegativity
what bond is formed between cesium and sulfur
ionic bond
what bond is formed between chlorine and bromine
covalent bond
what bond is formed between magnesium and fluorine
ionic bond
what bond is formed between silver and magnesium
metallic bond
what forces hold covalently bonded atoms together?
electrostatic forces
why are covalent compounds usually gasses liquids or solids with low melting points
they have weak intermolecular forces
how does the structure of ionic compounds affect their ability to conduct electricity?
in its solid state, they are tightly packed and conduct no electricity, when they dissolve they conduct electricity
why is distilled water instead of tap water used in experiment?
because it doesn’t contain extra things in it that would contaminate the experiment
