chem final Flashcards by naomi radoi

to calculate the percent error, you must take the absolute value of ____ value minus the ____ value, divided by the ____ value, and multiply by 100%

|observed-accepted|/accepted value

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

an ______ system of measurement is any system of measurements based on decimal scale

metric

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

all _____ digits are considered significant in a measurement

nonzero

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the s, p, d, and f sub levels are identified by _____ quantum numbers

azimuthal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

which of these SI units would measure the volume of a substance?

cubic measures

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

who first identified and named the proton?

Ernest Rutherford

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

who is credited with the discovery of the neutron?

James Chadwick

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

who proposed the “planetary” model of the atom?

Niels Bohr

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

who discovered oxygen with the aid of the sun?

Joseph Priestley

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Semiconductors can also be called what?

metalloids

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the smaller the percent error of a measurement is, the more _____ the measurement is

accurate

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the experiment in which alpha particles were deflected by gold foil was conducted by who?

Hans Geiger

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the abbreviation Z is equal to the number of ___ in an atom

protons

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

which is the correct electron configuration for aluminum (atomic number 13)?

1s^2
2s^2
2p^6
3s^2
p^1

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Raymond damadian is a christian scientist whose work led to the development of what?

MRI

magnetic resonance imaging

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When using an analog metric instrument, you should estimate the measurement to the nearest _____ of the smallest decimal subdivision on the instrument’s scale

tenth

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

which of the following sets of quantum numbers impossible?

3, 2, -3, ½

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

copper, nickel, zinc, platinum, mercury, calcium, and potassium are all examples of what?

metals

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

boron, silicon, arsenic, germanium, antimony, tellurium, and astatine are all examples of what?

metalloids

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

who accomplished much of their work using a prism spectroscope?

Robert bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Naturally occuring silver consists of two isotopes: 51.82% Ag-107 (106.9051 u) and 48.18% Ag-109. what is thee atomic mass of silver?

107.9

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

these elements are good conductors of heat and electricity and are usually hard, lustrous, malleable, and ductile

metals

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

upon what elements are the fields of biochemistry and organic chemistry based?

carbon

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

which one of these is not an element symbol?

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what newly discovered form of energy did Henry Moseley use to deyermine the atomic numbers of elements?

x-rays

the halogens form ___ when they combine with metals and ____ when they combine with hydrogen

salts; acids

the sum of the number of neutrons nd the number of protons is known as the what?

mass number

J. J. Thomson was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work with what?

cathode rays

THe ____ states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers.

Pauli exclusion principle

the ____ describes how electrons fill orbitals

aufbau principle

the ______ states that it is impossible to know both the energy and the exact position of an electron at the same time

Heisenberg uncertainty principle

whose work helped to explain line spectra?

Niels Bohr

which of these measurements is the smallest?

you measure products of a chemical reaction to be 1.56g 1.59g and 1.60g. the actual mass is 3.62g. this process is what?

precise but not accurate

you measure products of a chemical reaction to be 4.12g 3.25g and 4.79g. the actual mass is 2.25g. this process is what?

neither accurate nor precise

you measure products of a chemical reaction to be 6.15g 6.16g and 6.13g. the actual mass is 6.14g. this process is what?

accurate and precise

what is the only SI base unit that is still defined by a man-made object?

Kilogram

which was the first model to include atoms of each element having different masses?

Bohrs model of the atom

two different isotopes of a single element would have the same number of _____ but a different number of _____

same number of protons but different number of neutrons

the maximum number of electrons that can be found in any atom's second principle energy level is what?

eight 8

the type of sub level found in all principal energy levels is the ____ sub level

s sub level

oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and sulfur are all what?

nonmetals

helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon are all what?

noble gases

elements with three-letter symbols are what?

radioactive and not verified

which of these is not typically found in a cell on the periodic table?

electronegativity

this element constitutes 21% of the earth's atmosphere and is the most abundant element in the earth's crust. it is essential for life in all animals and humans.

oxygen

it is the lightest and most abundant element in the universe, is extremely flammable in air, and is used in the industrial production of ammonia

hydrogen

mendeleev's periodic table arranged elements by what?

atomic masses

in general, which is the group of elements that tends to have the strongest electron affinity?

halogen group (17)

in general, where are the nonmetals located on the periodic table?

far right side

who arranged a number of the elements in triads, based on similiar properties?

johann Döbereiner

who was the first to refer to the smallest particles composing matter as atoms?

Democritus

a football field is 100.0 yards long. what would be the length of a football field measured in meters? (1m= 3.281ft)

91.44 meters

the first experimental atomic model was proposed by who?

john Dalton

what element does the symbol W represent?

Tungsten

element name of Na

Sodium

symbol K represents what element?

Potassium

symbol Sn represents?

Tin

symbol Cl represents?

chlorine

symbol As represents?

arsenic

symbol He represents?

Helium

symbol S represents?

sulfur

what is the element symbol for antimony

what is the element symbol for gold?

what is the element symbol for lead?

what is the element symbol for silver?

what is the element symbol for Aluminum

what is the element symbol for magnesium?

what is thee element symbol for Iron?

______ is determined by the weighted averages of isotopes of an element

atomic mass

mass number= number of _____ + number of ______

number of protons + number of neutrons

calculate the number of minutes in one week

10,080 minutes

magnesium has a density of 1.74g/ml. find the mass of a cube of magnesium measuring 3.0 cm on a side. (1cm^3 = 1mL)

47g

scientists base their research on _____, which is made of recorded observations that are a detailed description or measurement

data

the modern ____ system is also known as the SI

the moderne metric system