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chem final Flashcards

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0
Q

to calculate the percent error, you must take the absolute value of ____ value minus the ____ value, divided by the ____ value, and multiply by 100%

A

|observed-accepted|/accepted value

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1
Q

an ______ system of measurement is any system of measurements based on decimal scale

A

metric

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2
Q

all _____ digits are considered significant in a measurement

A

nonzero

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3
Q

the s, p, d, and f sub levels are identified by _____ quantum numbers

A

azimuthal

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4
Q

which of these SI units would measure the volume of a substance?

A

cubic measures

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5
Q

who first identified and named the proton?

A

Ernest Rutherford

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6
Q

who is credited with the discovery of the neutron?

A

James Chadwick

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7
Q

who proposed the “planetary” model of the atom?

A

Niels Bohr

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8
Q

who discovered oxygen with the aid of the sun?

A

Joseph Priestley

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9
Q

Semiconductors can also be called what?

A

metalloids

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10
Q

the smaller the percent error of a measurement is, the more _____ the measurement is

A

accurate

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11
Q

the experiment in which alpha particles were deflected by gold foil was conducted by who?

A

Hans Geiger

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12
Q

the abbreviation Z is equal to the number of ___ in an atom

A

protons

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13
Q

which is the correct electron configuration for aluminum (atomic number 13)?

A 
1s^2
2s^2
2p^6
3s^2
p^1
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14
Q

Raymond damadian is a christian scientist whose work led to the development of what?

A

MRI

magnetic resonance imaging

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15
Q

When using an analog metric instrument, you should estimate the measurement to the nearest _____ of the smallest decimal subdivision on the instrument’s scale

A

tenth

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16
Q

which of the following sets of quantum numbers impossible?

A

3, 2, -3, ½

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17
Q

copper, nickel, zinc, platinum, mercury, calcium, and potassium are all examples of what?

A

metals

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18
Q

boron, silicon, arsenic, germanium, antimony, tellurium, and astatine are all examples of what?

A

metalloids

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19
Q

who accomplished much of their work using a prism spectroscope?

A

Robert bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff

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20
Q

Naturally occuring silver consists of two isotopes: 51.82% Ag-107 (106.9051 u) and 48.18% Ag-109. what is thee atomic mass of silver?

A

107.9

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21
Q

these elements are good conductors of heat and electricity and are usually hard, lustrous, malleable, and ductile

A

metals

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22
Q

upon what elements are the fields of biochemistry and organic chemistry based?

A

carbon

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23
Q

which one of these is not an element symbol?

A

Cn

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24
Q

what newly discovered form of energy did Henry Moseley use to deyermine the atomic numbers of elements?

A

x-rays

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25
Q

the halogens form ___ when they combine with metals and ____ when they combine with hydrogen

A

salts; acids

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26
Q

the sum of the number of neutrons nd the number of protons is known as the what?

A

mass number

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27
Q

J. J. Thomson was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work with what?

A

cathode rays

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28
Q

THe ____ states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers.

A

Pauli exclusion principle

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29
Q

the ____ describes how electrons fill orbitals

A

aufbau principle

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30
Q

the ______ states that it is impossible to know both the energy and the exact position of an electron at the same time

A

Heisenberg uncertainty principle

31
Q

whose work helped to explain line spectra?

A

Niels Bohr

32
Q

which of these measurements is the smallest?

A

ng

33
Q

you measure products of a chemical reaction to be 1.56g 1.59g and 1.60g. the actual mass is 3.62g. this process is what?

A

precise but not accurate

34
Q

you measure products of a chemical reaction to be 4.12g 3.25g and 4.79g. the actual mass is 2.25g. this process is what?

A

neither accurate nor precise

35
Q

you measure products of a chemical reaction to be 6.15g 6.16g and 6.13g. the actual mass is 6.14g. this process is what?

A

accurate and precise

36
Q

what is the only SI base unit that is still defined by a man-made object?

A

Kilogram

37
Q

which was the first model to include atoms of each element having different masses?

A

Bohrs model of the atom

38
Q

two different isotopes of a single element would have the same number of _____ but a different number of _____

A

same number of protons but different number of neutrons

39
Q

the maximum number of electrons that can be found in any atom’s second principle energy level is what?

A

eight 8

40
Q

the type of sub level found in all principal energy levels is the ____ sub level

A

s sub level

41
Q

oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and sulfur are all what?

A

nonmetals

42
Q

helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon are all what?

A

noble gases

43
Q

elements with three-letter symbols are what?

A

radioactive and not verified

44
Q

which of these is not typically found in a cell on the periodic table?

A

electronegativity

45
Q

this element constitutes 21% of the earth’s atmosphere and is the most abundant element in the earth’s crust. it is essential for life in all animals and humans.

A

oxygen

46
Q

it is the lightest and most abundant element in the universe, is extremely flammable in air, and is used in the industrial production of ammonia

A

hydrogen

47
Q

mendeleev’s periodic table arranged elements by what?

A

atomic masses

48
Q

in general, which is the group of elements that tends to have the strongest electron affinity?

A

halogen group (17)

49
Q

in general, where are the nonmetals located on the periodic table?

A

far right side

50
Q

who arranged a number of the elements in triads, based on similiar properties?

A

johann Döbereiner

51
Q

who was the first to refer to the smallest particles composing matter as atoms?

A

Democritus

52
Q

a football field is 100.0 yards long. what would be the length of a football field measured in meters? (1m= 3.281ft)

A

91.44 meters

53
Q

the first experimental atomic model was proposed by who?

A

john Dalton

54
Q

what element does the symbol W represent?

A

Tungsten

55
Q

element name of Na

A

Sodium

56
Q

symbol K represents what element?

A

Potassium

57
Q

symbol Sn represents?

A

Tin

58
Q

symbol Cl represents?

A

chlorine

59
Q

symbol As represents?

A

arsenic

60
Q

symbol He represents?

A

Helium

61
Q

symbol S represents?

A

sulfur

62
Q

what is the element symbol for antimony

A

Sb

63
Q

what is the element symbol for gold?

A

Au

64
Q

what is the element symbol for lead?

A

Pb

65
Q

what is the element symbol for silver?

A

Ag

66
Q

what is the element symbol for Aluminum

A

Al

67
Q

what is the element symbol for magnesium?

A

Mg

68
Q

what is thee element symbol for Iron?

A

Fe

69
Q

______ is determined by the weighted averages of isotopes of an element

A

atomic mass

70
Q

mass number= number of _____ + number of ______

A

number of protons + number of neutrons

71
Q

calculate the number of minutes in one week

A

10,080 minutes

72
Q

magnesium has a density of 1.74g/ml. find the mass of a cube of magnesium measuring 3.0 cm on a side. (1cm^3 = 1mL)

A

47g

73
Q

scientists base their research on _____, which is made of recorded observations that are a detailed description or measurement

A

data

74
Q

the modern ____ system is also known as the SI

A

the moderne metric system

Chemistry (6 decks)

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