Chemical Bonding (Intramolecular)

Question 1

Ionic Bonding is between ____________ &____________________

Answer 1

Ionic Bonding is between METALS & NON-METALS

Question 2

In an Ionic Bond Metals ________electrons, giving it a __________ charge

Answer 2

In an Ionic Bond Metals LOSE electrons, giving it a POSITIVE charge

Question 3

In an Ionic Bond Non- Metals ________electrons, giving it a __________ charge

Answer 3

In an Ionic Bond Non- Metals GAIN electrons, giving it a NEGATIVE charge

Question 4

What is a Cation?

Answer 4

Positive Ion

Question 5

What is a Anion?

Answer 5

Negative Ion

Question 6

What is the Ionic Lattice?

Answer 6

Positive and negative ions attract each other to form a three dimensional continuous lattice structure.

Question 7

The _______ is written first in the ionic formula

Answer 7

Cation (Metal)

Question 8

Ionic Bonding- Boiling Point

Answer 8

High. The is a large amount of thermal energy required to separate the ions which are bound by strong electrostatic forces.

Question 9

Ionic Bonding- Electro conductivity in Solid

Answer 9

No- there are no mobile charge particles to conduct an electric current

Question 10

Ionic Bonding- Electro conductivity in Liquid

Answer 10

Yes- the cations and anions are able to move and conduct electricity

Question 11

Ionic Bonding- Hardness

Answer 11

Very Hard- The surface of crystals are not easily scratched as the ions are strongly bound and not easily displaced

Question 12

Ionic Bonding- Brittleness

Answer 12

Very Brittle- Shatter if you try to distort is. Distortion causes ions of like charges to come together and repel sharply

Question 13

Covalent Bonding is between ________

Answer 13

Covalent Bonding is between NON-METALS

Question 14

Covalent Bonding is the __________ of electrons

Answer 14

Covalent Bonding is the SHARING of electrons

Question 15

Ionic Bonding is the ____________ of electrons

Answer 15

Ionic Bonding is the TRANSFER of electrons

Question 16

In covalent Bonding electrons are shared according to ______________

Answer 16

In covalent Bonding electrons are shared according to ELECTRONEGATIVITY

Question 17

Covalent Bonding- Electroconductivity

Answer 17

No- there are no mobile charged particles as the electrons are bound tightly to the atoms or are shared by atoms in covalent bonds

Question 18

Covalent Bonding- Melting and Boiling Points

Answer 18

Low- the forces of attraction between molecules are weak, requiring a small amount of thermal energy to seperate

Question 19

Covalent Bonding- Hardness

Answer 19

Soft- The molecules are weakly attracted to each other and are easily displaced

Question 20

What is Covalent Network?

Answer 20

Do not form separate discrete molecules but a continuous network

Question 21

Covalent Network- Electrical Conductivity

Answer 21

Poor- electrons are held tightly together on atoms or within covalent bonds, preventing electrons from moving through the lattice. Graphite is the exception as it has a free electron

Question 22

Covalent Network- Melting Point

Answer 22

Very High- the atoms are bound by strong covalent bonds. In order to break the many covalent bonds a large amount of thermal energy is required

Question 23

Covalent Network- Hardness

Answer 23

Strong- the atoms are strongly bound and not easily displaced

Question 24

Covalent Network- Brittleness

Answer 24

Very Brittle- when a sufficient amount of force is applied to break the covalent bond, the lattice is distorted.

Covalent Networks shatter rather than deform

Question 25

What is Metallic Bonding?

Answer 25

A Metallic Bonds are the delocalised electrons moving over tightly packed metal cations

Question 26

Metals- Density

Answer 26

Very Dense- the particles present in Metals are tightly packed in a lattice

Question 27

Metals- Melting & Boiling Points

Answer 27

High- a large amount of thermal energy is required to overcome the strong electrostatic attraction between the positive ions and delocalised electrons

Question 28

Metals- Heat and Electricity Conductors

Answer 28

Very Good- the delocalised electrons transmit the energy through vibrations from one positive ions to its neighbour

Question 29

Difference between Metals and Covalent Network

Answer 29

Metals have conduct electricity well, whereas Covalent Networks do not.

Question 30

Explain the difference in the Melting Points of different Metals. E.g Potassium +1 is 64 degrees whereas Calcium Ca+2 is 850 degrees.

Answer 30

Metallic Ca+2 has twice as many delocalised electrons which create an electrostatic attraction that is twice as strong between the electrons and positive ions.