chemical bonding and molecular geometry pt. 1

Question 1

ionic bonds

Answer 1

metals and nonmetals

Question 2

covalent bonds

Answer 2

nonmetals and nonmetals

Question 3

bond length

Answer 3

separation distance where molecule is most sable (74 pm for H2)

Question 4

electronegativity trend

Answer 4

increases in upper right hand corner

Question 5

partial negative atoms

Answer 5

have a higher electronegativity

Question 6

partial positive atoms

Answer 6

have a lower electronegativity

Question 7

arrow for electronegativity

Answer 7

points towards more electronegative atom

Question 8

bond type

Answer 8

the difference between the electronegativity of two elements

Question 9

covalent bond

Answer 9

<0.4

Question 10

polar covalent bond

Answer 10

0.4-2.0

Question 11

ionic bond

Answer 11

> 2.0

Question 12

binary compounds

Answer 12

composed of two elements

Question 13

naming binary ionic compounds (type I)

Answer 13

name the cation first and the anion second, the cation takes its name from the parent element, the anion takes the root of its element and adds -ide

Question 14

naming binary ionic compounds (type II)

Answer 14

charge of metal ion must be indicated with roman numerals

Question 15

to determine the charge of a transition metal in an ionic compound

Answer 15

take the opposite charge of the anion. if there is more than one of that ion, multiply the charge by the number of them and then take the opposite charge

Question 16

mercury polyatomic ion

Answer 16

Hg2^2+

Question 17

Ammonium

Answer 17

NH4^+

Question 18

nitrite

Answer 18

NO2^-

Question 19

nitrate

Answer 19

NO3^-

Question 20

sulfite

Answer 20

SO3^2-

Question 21

sulfate

Answer 21

SO4^2-

Question 22

hydrogen sulfate; bisulfate

Answer 22

HSO4^-

Question 23

hydroxide

Answer 23

OH^-

Question 24

cyanide

Answer 24

CN^-

Question 25

phosphate

Answer 25

PO4^3-

Question 26

hydrogen phosphate

Answer 26

HPO4^2-

Question 27

dihydrogen phosphate

Answer 27

H2PO4^-

Question 28

carbonate

Answer 28

CO3^2-

Question 29

hydrogen carbonate; bicarbonate

Answer 29

HCO3^-

Question 30

hypochlorite

Answer 30

ClO^- or OCl^-

Question 31

chlorite

Answer 31

ClO2^-ch

Question 32

chlorate

Answer 32

ClO3^-

Question 33

perchlorate

Answer 33

ClO4^-

Question 34

acetate

Answer 34

C2H3O2^-

Question 35

permanganate

Answer 35

MnO4^-

Question 36

dichromate

Answer 36

Cr2O7^2-

Question 37

chromate

Answer 37

CrO4^2-

Question 38

O2^2-

Answer 38

peroxide

Question 39

C2O4^2-

Answer 39

oxalate

Question 40

S2O3^2-

Answer 40

thiosulfate

Question 41

naming binary covalent compounds (type III)

Answer 41

name first element in formula with full element name, name second element like an anion, add prefixes to elements with more than one atom, never use mono for naming first element

Question 42

water

Answer 42

H2O

Question 43

ammonia

Answer 43

NH3

Question 44

phosphine

Answer 44

PH3

Question 45

methane

Answer 45

CH4

Question 46

alkane

Answer 46

single bonds between carbon

Question 47

alkines

Answer 47

at least one double bond between carbons

Question 48

alkines

Answer 48

at least one triple bond between carbons

Question 49

1 carbon

Answer 49

meth-

Question 50

2 carbon

Answer 50

-eth

Question 51

3 carbon

Answer 51

prop-

Question 52

4 carbon

Answer 52

but-

Question 53

5 carbon

Answer 53

pent-

Question 54

6 carbon

Answer 54

hex-

Question 55

7 carbon

Answer 55

hept-

Question 56

8 carbon

Answer 56

oct-

Question 57

hydrates

Answer 57

ionic compounds with water molecules incorporated into their solid structures

Question 58

naming hydrates

Answer 58

ionic compound followed “_____hydrate” with prefix indicating amount

Question 59

acids

Answer 59

recognized by the hydrogen that appears first in the formula; molecule with one or more H+ ions attached to an anion

Question 60

if anion doesn’t contain oxgyen

Answer 60

named with prefix hydro- and suffix -ics

Question 61

oxyacid

Answer 61

anion containing oxygen

Question 62

naming oxyacids

Answer 62

add suffix -ous to the root name if the anion name ends in -ite