chapter 1: notes and definitions Flashcards
basics of chem, atoms, molecules, and compounds, periodic table of elements, characteristics of matter
macroscopic domain
the realm of everyday things that are large enough to be sensed directly by human sight or touch
microscopic domain
symbolic domain
contains the specialized language used to represent components of the macroscopic and microscopic domains
matter
anything occupying space and having mass
atom
smallest part of an element that is still an element
molecule
two or more atoms joined by chemical bonds and acting as a unit
four states of matter
solid, liquid, gas, plasma
solid
rigid with fixed volume and shape
liquid
fixed volume that assumes shape of container
gas
no fixed volume or shape, fills space of container
extensive property
property that depends on the amount of matter
intensive property
property that is independent of the amount of matter
mass
measure of the amount of matter in an object
weight
the force that gravity exerts on an object
element
pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical changes
compounds
pure substances comprised of two or more elements
mixture
composed of two or more types of matter that can be present in varying amounts and can be separated by physical changes
physical property
characteristic of matter that is not associated with a change in chemical composition
physical change
change in the form of a substance, not its composition
chemical property
ability to change from one type of matter into another
chemical change
a given substance becomes a new substance becomes a new substance or substances with diff. properties and composition
diatomic elements
hydrogen, nitrogen oxygen, fluoride, chlorine, bromine, iodine
polyatomic elements
phosphorus, sulfur, selenium
