Chemical Bonding Flashcards
What is a chemical bond?
A chemical bond is a lasting attraction between atoms that enables the formation of chemical compounds.
What are the three main types of chemical bonds?
Ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and metallic bonds.
Define ionic bond.
An ionic bond is a type of chemical bond formed through the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
What typically forms ionic bonds?
Ionic bonds typically form between metals and nonmetals.
True or False: In ionic bonding, electrons are shared between atoms.
False.
Define covalent bond.
A covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.
What typically forms covalent bonds?
Covalent bonds typically form between nonmetals.
Fill in the blank: In a covalent bond, atoms share ______.
electrons.
Define metallic bond.
A metallic bond is a type of chemical bond that occurs between metal atoms, characterized by a sea of delocalized electrons.
What is a characteristic property of metallic bonds?
They allow metals to conduct electricity and heat.
True or False: Metallic bonds involve the transfer of electrons.
False.
What is atomic size?
Atomic size refers to the distance from the nucleus of an atom to the outermost shell of electrons.
How does atomic size change across a period in the periodic table?
Atomic size decreases from left to right across a period.
How does atomic size change down a group in the periodic table?
Atomic size increases down a group.
What is the trend of ionization energy as atomic size increases?
Ionization energy decreases as atomic size increases.
Define electronegativity.
Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond.
What type of bond is likely to form between atoms with high electronegativity differences?
Ionic bonds are likely to form.
What is a polar covalent bond?
A polar covalent bond is a type of covalent bond where electrons are shared unequally between atoms.
What is the octet rule?
The octet rule states that atoms tend to bond in such a way that they have eight electrons in their valence shell.
Define lattice energy.
Lattice energy is the energy released when ions bond to form an ionic solid.
How does lattice energy relate to ionic bond strength?
Higher lattice energy indicates a stronger ionic bond.
What is a diatomic molecule?
A diatomic molecule is a molecule composed of two atoms, which can be of the same or different elements.
Give an example of a diatomic molecule.
Oxygen (O2) is an example of a diatomic molecule.
What is the role of valence electrons in bonding?
Valence electrons are the electrons involved in forming bonds between atoms.
