Acids And Bases Flashcards
What is an Arrhenius acid?
A substance that produces hydrogen ions (H+)/ hydronium ion (H3O+) when it dissolves in water
What is an Arrhenius base?
A substance that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) in water
What is a Lowry-Brønstead acid?
An acid is a proton (H + ion) donor
What is a Lowry-Brønstead base?
A base is a proton acceptor (H + ion)
What is a strong acid?
A substance that ionises completely in water to form a high concentration of hydronium ions
What is a weak acid ?
A substance that ionises impartially to form a low concentration of hydronium ions
What is a strong base?
Strong bases dissociate completely to form a high concentration of OH- hydroxide ions
What is a weak base?
A substance that dissociates incompletely to form a low concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-)
What is a concentrated acid/base ?
Substance with a large number of moles of acid/ base in proportion to the volume of water
What is a dilute acid / base?
Substances that contain a small amount of moles of acid/ base in proportion to the volume of water
What is an amphoteric substance?
A substance that can act as a base in one reaction and a acid in another
What is an amphoteric substance?
A substance that can accept protons in one reaction and donate protons in another
What is a polyprotic acid?
An acid that has more than proton to donate
What is a standard solution?
A solituon whose exact concentration is known
What is hydrolysis?
The reaction of a salt with water
What is equivalence point of a titration?
The point at which the acid/ base had completely reacted with the other base/acid
What is the end point in a titration?
The point at which the indicator changes colour
What will the preferred indicator in a strong acid + strong base reaction be ?
Bromothymol Blue
It’s yellow in acids
It’s blue in bases
Green at its end point
pH range is 6 - 7,6
What will the preferred indicator in a weak acid + strong base reaction?
Phenolphthalein
It’s clear in acids
It’s pink in bases
It’s a faint pink when it reaches end point
It’s pH range is 8,3- 10
What will the preferred indicator in a strong acid + weak base reaction be ?
Methyl orange
It’s red in acids
It’s yellow in bases
It’s pH range is 2,5 - 4,4
