chemical bonding Flashcards
types of chemical bonding
- ionic
- covalent
- metallic
what is ionic bonding
the mutual electrostatic attraction between ions of opposite charges
how to name ionic compounds
- cation first
- anion second
how to find the name of an ion
the element name + ‘ide’ (e.g. chlorine ion = chloride)
(oxygen atom present, _ate)
what is the formulae to find ionic compounds
cross multiply
what is important when drawing the ions (with different charge) of ionic compounds
put the number infront of the ion that does not have enough to cancel out the other ion
(e.g. 2[ion drawing]
polyatomic ions
- hydroxide ion
- nitrate ion
- sulfate ion
- carbonate ion
- phosphate ion
- ammonium ion
chemical formula for hydroxide ion
OH⁻
chemical formula for nitrate ion
NO₃⁻
chemical formula for sulfate ion
SO₄⁻
chemical formula for carbonate ion
CO₃⁻
chemical formula for phosphate ion
PO₄⁻
chemical formula for ammonium ion
NH₄⁺
transition metals
- iron
- copper
- zinc (Zn²⁺)
- silver (Ag⁺)
ionic bonding forms
giant ionic crystal lattice structure
what is covalent bonding
atoms share electrons to obtain noble gas electronic configuration
what elements can be bonded using covalent bonding
non metal + non metal
what is an electron pair
2 electrons that are shared between 2 atoms
what is a covalent bond
electron pair
number of electrons needed =
number of electrons shared
steps to draw covalent bonding
- electronic configuration
- calculate number of electrons needed
- draw number of electrons shared in the overlapping area
- fill in remaining electrons
how to name covalent bonds
(no.) _ (no.) _ide
name for numbers (1-5)
- 1: mon
- 2 : di
- 3 : tri
- 4 : tetra
- 5 : penta
