atomic structure

Question 1

what are atoms

Answer 1

smallest particle that can have chemical characteristic of element

Question 2

what is inside an atom

Answer 2

sub-atomic particles

Question 3

what are the sub-atomic particles inside an atom

Answer 3

• protons
• neutrons
• electrons

Question 4

features of protons

Answer 4

• found in nucleus
• relative charge: +
• relative mass: 1

Question 5

features of neutrons

Answer 5

• found in nucleus
• relative charge: 0
• relative mass: 1

Question 6

features of electrons

Answer 6

• found in electron shell
• relative charge: -1
• relative mass: 1/1840

Question 7

what can you find from the periodic table

Answer 7

• number of protons
• number of protons + neutrons
• number of electrons (proton = electrons)

Question 8

another way of saying number of protons

Answer 8

• atomic number
• proton number

Question 9

another way of saying number of protons and neutrons

Answer 9

• mass number
• atomic mass
• nucleon number

Question 10

why is the mass number in the periodic table a decimal

Answer 10

it is an average of the various isotopes of an element

Question 11

what is an isotopes

Answer 11

atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons (mass number is different)

Question 12

what happens when there is different number of neutrons

Answer 12

• mass change
• density change
• different physical properties

Question 13

what is neuclide notation

Answer 13

where the mass number and proton number is placed beside a atomic symbol

Question 14

what is the most number of electrons in each shell

(1st shell, 2nd shell, etc.)

Answer 14

• 2
• 8
• 8
• 32

Question 15

what is the outer most electron shell called

Answer 15

valence shell

Question 16

what is the outer most electron called

Answer 16

valence electron

Question 17

features of the valence shell

Answer 17

furthest away from the nucleus, possess greatest energy

Question 18

features of noble gas

Answer 18

• stable
• unreactive (inert)
• full valence electron shell

Question 19

what are ions

Answer 19

atoms that gain/lose electrons

Question 20

purpose of ions

Answer 20

obtain full electronic configuration

Question 21

what are cations

Answer 21

positively charged ions

Question 22

what are anions

Answer 22

negatively charged ions

Question 23

what are the elements called in group 3-12

Answer 23

transition elements

Question 24

what is the charge of ions in group 1

Answer 24

+

(positive)

Question 25

what is the charge of ions in group 2

Answer 25

2+

(positive)

Question 26

what is the charge of ions in group 13

Answer 26

3+

(positive)

Question 27

what is the charge of ions in group 15

Answer 27

3-

(negative)

Question 28

what is the charge of ions in group 16

Answer 28

2-

(negative)

Question 29

what is the charge of ions in group 17

Answer 29

-

(negative)

Question 30

what are metalloids

Answer 30

have properties of metals and non-metals

Question 31

what is the trend from the left to the right side (period) of the periodic table

Answer 31

decrease in metallic properties -> increase in non-metallic properties

Question 32

what is the trend from top to bottom(metal) on the periodic table

Answer 32

• metallic properties -> non metallic properties
• increase in size of atom, increase ease of losing electrons

Question 33

same period =

Answer 33

same number of electron shells

Question 34

same group =

Answer 34

same number of valence electrons

(similar chemical properties)

Question 35

how is the periodic table arranged

Answer 35

in order of increasing proton numbers

Question 36

what is index notation

Answer 36

where the proton number and atomic mass is writen next to the atomic symbol

(ion=charge at top right)

Question 37

where is the proton number writen

Answer 37

bottom left

Question 38

where is the atomic mass writen

Answer 38

top left