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AQA Chemistry > Chemical Analysis: Identifying Ions > Flashcards

Chemical Analysis: Identifying Ions Flashcards

1
Q

Lithium flame test result

A

crimson

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2
Q

Sodium flame test result

A

yellow

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2
Q

Potassium flame test result

A

lilac flame

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3
Q

Calcium flame test result

A

orange/red

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4
Q

Copper flame test result

A

green flame

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5
Q

Copper sodium hydroxide test result

A

blue precipitate

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6
Q

Iron (II) sodium hydroxide test result

A

green precipitate

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7
Q

Iron (III) sodium hydroxide test result

A

brown precipitate

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8
Q

Aluminium sodium hydroxide test result

A

white precipitate, dissolves in excess to form a colourless solution

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9
Q

Calcium sodium hydroxide test result

A

white precipitate

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10
Q

Magnesium sodium hydroxide test result

A

white precipitate

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11
Q

Describe the test for carbonate anions.

A
  1. Add dilute acid
  2. Fizzing/effervesence observed as CO2 is released
  3. Collect gas and bubble it through limewater
  4. Limewater goes cloudy
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12
Q

Describe the test for sulfate anions.

A
  1. Add dilute hydrochloric acid
  2. Add barium chloride solution.
  3. White precipitate forms
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13
Q

Describe the test for halide anions.

A
  1. Add dilute nitric acid
  2. Add silver nitrate solution
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14
Q

What are the results for the halide ion tests?

A

chloride - white precipitate
bromide - cream precipitate
iodide - pale yellow precipitate

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15
Q

Describe how to perform a flame test to identify metal ions.

A
  1. Clean a nichrome wire loop by holding it in a blue flame from a bunsen burner.
  2. Dip the loop into the sample you want to test and put it back in the flame.
  3. Record the colour of the flame.
16
Q

What are the limitations of doing a flame test?

A
  • only works for samples that contain a single metal ion
  • if the sample tested contains a mixture of metal ions then the flame colours of som ions may be masked by the colours of others
17
Q

What are the equations for the halide tests?

A

Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq) → AgCl(s)

Ag+(aq) + Br-(aq) → AgBr(s)

Ag+(aq) + I-(aq) → AgI(s)

18
Q

Whats the equation for the sulfate ion test?

A

Ba2+ + SO42-(aq) → BaSO4(s)

19
Q

What are the advantages of using flame emission spectroscopy to identify ions?

A
  • very sensitive - they can detect very small amounts of substances
  • very fast
  • very accurate

AQA Chemistry (33 decks)

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