Chem Unit Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a mole?

A

The amount of a substance that contains 6.02 x 10^23 particles.

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2
Q

What is Avogadro’s constant?

A

6.02 x 10^23.

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3
Q

What is the Molecular formula?

A

A formula indicating the number of atoms of each element in a molecule.

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4
Q

How do you find the molecular formula from the empirical formula?

A

Divide the experimental (given) molar mass by the molar mass of the empirical formula. Multiply the empirical formula by the number you get.

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5
Q

What is a hydrate?

A

An ionic compound (salt) with a specific number of water molecules bonded to each formula unit.

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6
Q

How do you find the % H2O of a hydrate?

A

Divide the mass of the water by the total mass of the hydrate and multiply it by 100.

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7
Q

What is stoichiometry?

A

The study of quantitative relationships among the amounts of reactions used and the amounts of products formed in a chemical reaction.

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8
Q

How do you find the theoretical yield?

A
  1. Balanced equation.
  2. Mass to moles.
  3. Multiply by mole ratio.
  4. moles to mass.
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9
Q

What is the limiting reactant?

A

The reactant that runs out first in a chemical reaction.

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10
Q

What is the theoretical yield?

A

The expected amount of product in a chemical reaction.

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11
Q

Which reactant is the limiting reactant?

A

The one that gives you the smaller amount of moles.

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12
Q

What would you be saying if you chose the reactant that gave you more moles as the limiting reactant?

A

That the reaction can continue even if you have none of the limiting reactant left.

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13
Q

What is the actual yield?

A

The amount of product recovered in an experiment.

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14
Q

What do you want percentage yield to be?

A

As close to 100% as possible.

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15
Q

What is the formula for %y?

A

%y=(ay/ty)100

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16
Q

What is the formula for ay?

A

ay=(tyx%y)/100