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Grade 11 Chemistry > Chem Unit Test 1 > Flashcards

Chem Unit Test 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What would be the state of an ionic compound at 25 degrees celsius?

A

solid

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2
Q

What would be the state of a molecular compound at 25 degrees celsius?

A

solid, liquid, or gas.

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3
Q

Give an example of a solid at room temperature molecular compound?

A

Sugar C12H22O11

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4
Q

Give an example of a liquid at room temperature molecular compound?

A

Water H2O

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5
Q

Give an example of a gas at room temperature molecular compound?

A

Oxygen O2

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6
Q

Are the melting points of ionic compounds high or low?

A

high

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7
Q

Are the melting points of molecular compounds high or low?

A

low

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8
Q

Describe the conductivity of ionic compounds.

A

They are electrolytes (conduct an electric current when dissolved in water). Not conductive in solid form.

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9
Q

Describe the conductivity of molecular compounds.

A

They are nonelectrolytes. (Except acids and bases).

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10
Q

Describe the solubility of ionic compounds.

A

Most are soluble.

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11
Q

Describe the solubility of molecular compounds.

A

Most aren’t soluble.

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12
Q

What happens when a molecular compound melts?

A

Its intermolecular forces break.

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13
Q

What are intermolecular forces?

A

The forces between the atoms in a molecule.

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14
Q

Why do ionic compounds have higher melting points than covalent compounds?

A

Because ionic bonds are much stronger than intermolecular forces.

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15
Q

Who discovered electronegativity?

A

Linus Pauling.

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16
Q

Why are ionic compounds stronger than covalent compounds?

A

Because opposite charges attract.

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17
Q

What is electronegativity?

A

The tendency of an atom to attract electrons in a covalent bond.

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18
Q

What does the electronegative difference have to be in order to indicate a non polar covalent compound?

A

0

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19
Q

What does the electronegative difference have to be in order to indicate a polar covalent compound?

A

more than 0 less than 1.7.

20
Q

What does the electronegative difference have to be in order to indicate an ionic compound?

A

over 1.7.

21
Q

What do the dipole moments point to?

A

The element with the greater electronegativity.

22
Q

What does the length of the dipole moment correspond to ?

A

The electronegativity.

23
Q

How does one tell if a molecule is polar judging by the diagram?

A

If it is asymmetrical. (all atoms around central atom are not the same or lone pairs around central atom).

24
Q

What two factors do the melting points of molecular substances depend on ?

A
  1. The type of intermolecular force.

2. The size of the molecule.

25
Q

What are the 3 types of intermolecular forces?

A
  1. H-bonds (polar)
  2. Dipole-dipole (polar).
  3. London forces (polar and non-polar)
26
Q

How to tell if a polar molecule has Hbonds or dipole dipole forces?

A

If the hydrogen is bonded to O, N, or F it has Hbonds. If not, it has dipole-dipole forces.

27
Q

How does the size of the molecule affect the strength of london forces?

A

London forces become stronger as molecular size increases.

28
Q

Which typically have have higher boiling points: polar or non-polar compounds?

A

Polar compounds. Because they have Hbonds or dipole-dipole forces ALONG with the london forces.

29
Q

Why do ionic solutions conduct electricity?

A

When it dissolves in water, the ions separate.

30
Q

Why don’t molecular solutions conduct electricity?

A

Because the molecules separate but no ions are produced.

31
Q

What lets something conduct electricity?

A

The movement of ions.

32
Q

give an example of a word equation for NaCl.

A

Sodium + Chlorine = Sodium chloride.

33
Q

Give an example of a skeleton equation for NaCl.

A

Na + Cl = NaCl.

34
Q

Write the balanced equation for NaCl.

A

2Na + Cl2 = 2NaCl.

35
Q

What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?

A

In any chemical reaction, the mass of the products is equal to the mass of the reactants.

36
Q

What is the synthesis reaction?

A

A + B = AB

37
Q

What is the decomposition reaction?

A

AB = A + B

38
Q

What is the Single deplacement reaction?

A

A + BC =AC + B

39
Q

What is the Double deplacement reaction?

A

AB + CD = AD + CB.

40
Q

What does an acid separate into?

A

A non-metal oxide + water.

41
Q

What does a base separate into?

A

A metal oxide + water.

42
Q

What does a metal hydroxide separate into?

A

Metal oxide + Water.

43
Q

What does a metal nitrate separate into?

A

Metal nitrite + oxygen.

44
Q

Is methane polar or non-polar?

A

NON-POLAR!!!!!!!!!!

45
Q

When do you use the electronegative difference to determine if a covalent compound is polar/non-polar/ionic.

A

When the compound only contains two elements.

46
Q

Which are stronger: covalent bonds or H-bonds?

A

Covalent bonds.

47
Q

What is a covalent bond?

A

A chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.

Grade 11 Chemistry (8 decks)

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