Chem Test Flashcards
How many bonds would the molecule P2 have between each element and why?
Triple bond between the 2 P’s
Fully explain what immediately happens to the single O in the equation H2+O2 –> H2O+O?
Oxygen needs 2 more neutrons so it immediately takes in H2 and forms H2O
Is blood pH acidic or basic?
Slightly Acidic
What is the homeostatic of pH
0-7
What are the 2 buffers used to maintain this pH range? 1st- H2CO3and 2nd- HCO3-
Carbonic acid and bicarbonate ion
The blood has become too acidic. is the pH number too high or too low?
Too low (it will use bicarbonate ion as a buffer)
The blood has become too basic. is the pH number too high or too low?
Too high (it will use carbonic acid as a buffer)
Why is an —> used instead of an - in chemical equations?
You are not equalling anything you are turning it into the correct formula
What particle makes H3O+ different from H2O?
It has an added proton
What particle makes OH- different from H2O?
An electron was taken away
What is the name of H3O and OH-
hydronium ion and hydroxide ion
Is methylamine an acid or base?
Base
Which of the following shows the balance of the water solution now that methylamine has been added?
[H+]=[OH-] and [H+]<[OH-]
What is the pH of the water and methylamine solution?
pH<7
Oxygen-
1. Atomic #
2. Atomic weight
3. how many subatomic particles make up the atomic #
4. how many subatomic particles make up the atomic weight
5. How many valence Electrons does oxygen have
6. how many bonds can it form
- 8
- 16
- Protons
- Protons and Neutrons
- 6
- 2
Rough and Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Network of tubes, can have ribosomes attached, make lipids, and proteins
Synthesis
Ribosome
Make proteins
Synthesis
Mitochondria
Powerhouse, provides energy
Metabolism, synthesis
Cell Membrane
Controls movement of material in and out of cell
Transport, respiration
Cytoplasm
Gel-like fluid, provides cell structure
Regulation
Lysosome
Breaks down cell debris, worn out organelles
Excretion, Transport, Secretion, regulation, synthesis, assimilation
Centriole
Structural support during mitosis (asexual reproduction) in animal cells
Reproduction
Golgi Apparatus
Stores, modifies and packages proteins
Regulation, transport, assimilation
Nucleus
Control center, the “brain”; has DNA
Assimilation, Nutrition, regulation, reproduction
Chloroplast
Takes in sunlight, used in photosynthesis in plants
Synthesis
Vacuole
Storage for cell
Regulation, transport, nutrition, metabolism, secretion
Cell Wall
Rigid, only found in plants, protects and gives shape
Assimilation
Respiratory
Provide oxygen to bloodstream to be used in the cells to generate energy from food
Respiration
Skeletal
Support body, facilitate movement, protect internal organs, storage of minerals and fat, formation of blood cells
Assimilation
Circulatory
Carries oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells, and removes waste products, such as carbon dioxide
Excretion, Secretion, Transport, and Regulation
Digestive
Breakdown of food into smaller components until they can be absorbed and assimilated into the body
Assimilation
Endocrine
Produce hormones that regulate metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sleep, mood, etc.
Synthesis, Metabolism, and Regulation
Nervous
Transport nerve impulses between parts of the body
Transport
Muscular
Permits movement of the body, maintains posture and circulates blood throughout the body
Secretion and Transport
Lymphatic/Immune
Transport lymph, a fluid containing infection-fighting white blood cells, throughout the body to rid the body of toxins, waste, and other unwanted materials
Excretion, Secretion, and Transport
Reproductive
Ensure survival of the species
Reproduction
Integumentary
(skin)
Protect the body from damage, such as water loss
Assimilation
Urinary/Renal
Eliminate waste from the body, regulate blood volume and pressure, and regulate blood pH
Excretion and Regulation
Carbohydrates:
1. Monomer
2. Structure and function
3. How is it obtain
- Monosaccharides
- Energy and Structure
- Through food like Pasta and Bread
Lipids:
1. Monomer
2. Structure and function
3. How is it obtain
- Phospholipids,steroids/cholesterol, triglycerides
- Cell membrane, cushion, hormones, insulation, long term energy storage
- Through eating foods that contain Butter and Oil
Proteins:
1. Monomer
2. Structure and function
4. Enzymes
5. How is it obtain
- Amino acids
- Works in the immune system, muscle development
- Enzymes
- Through eating meats and beans
Nucleic Acids:
1. Monomer
2. Structure and function
3. How is it obtain
- DNA, RNA
- Middle of double helix, DNA- stores genetic info, RNA- makes proteins
- When you consume fruits like strawberries.
What is a monomer?
A building block
What is a polymer?
Many linked building blocks
Carbon-structure and function of importance:
1. Why is it the backbone of life
2. what are the Bonds
- it can form 4 bonds, have many different shapes, and long chained branches.
- Bonds- Single, Double, and Triplet
Atoms
Neutrons, electrons, protons
Valence electrons
electrons that are located in the outer part of the electron shell of an atom
Bonding
When you share or gain electrons with another element
Bonds form when atoms share or transfer valence electrons
atom/group of atoms that has an electrical charge
Isotopes
Atoms with the same number of proton but a different number of neutrons
What is Dehydration Synthesis?
they make and produce water
What is Hydrolysis?
they break and use water
