chem test Flashcards
How do I determine the number of protons electrons and neutrons in a neutral atom?
atomic #= protons + electrons
atomic # - atomic mass= neutrons
determine the atomic mass of an element by its number of protons and neutrons
protons + neutrons
Describe the four main properties of metals and differences between them and nonmetals
metals are shiny, metals are conductors of heat and electricity, metals are malleable, metals are ductile
Patterns of the periodic table
The rows are called periods and as they move from left to right the atomic number increases
define period and family with respect to the period
Periods are rows and families are groups and columns
Recognize the major trends of the different families with the periodic table- Alkali metals
they’re highly reactive and soft and shiny
Recognize the major trends of the different families with the periodic table- Alkali earth metals
Very reactive but less than alkali have higher melting points
Recognize the major trends of the different families with the periodic table- transition metals
good conductors of heat and electricity
Recognize the major trends of the different families with the periodic table- semi-metals/ metalloids
metallic and non metallic characteristics
Recognize the major trends of the different families with the periodic table- halogens
highly reactive non metals
Recognize the major trends of the different families with the periodic table- noble gases
very stable and unreactive and colourless
define ion and ionic charge 
Ion is an atom that gained or lost electrons to make a full valence shell
The ionic charge is the positive or negative charge the ion has
How to calculate the charge of an ion
The charge of an ion is equal to the number of electrons gained or lost to make a full valence shell ex= [ion] 2+ that example would mean that the Adam lost two electrons
Differentiate between an atom and ion
an atom is made up of electrons, protons and neutrons, and an ion is a special type of atom that Gander lost electrons in order to make a full valence shell
Determine the number of valence electrons
Look on the periodic table