chem test Flashcards

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1
Q

How do I determine the number of protons electrons and neutrons in a neutral atom?

A

atomic #= protons + electrons
atomic # - atomic mass= neutrons

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2
Q

determine the atomic mass of an element by its number of protons and neutrons

A

protons + neutrons

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3
Q

Describe the four main properties of metals and differences between them and nonmetals

A

metals are shiny, metals are conductors of heat and electricity, metals are malleable, metals are ductile

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4
Q

Patterns of the periodic table

A

The rows are called periods and as they move from left to right the atomic number increases

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5
Q

define period and family with respect to the period

A

Periods are rows and families are groups and columns

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6
Q

Recognize the major trends of the different families with the periodic table- Alkali metals

A

they’re highly reactive and soft and shiny

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7
Q

Recognize the major trends of the different families with the periodic table- Alkali earth metals

A

Very reactive but less than alkali have higher melting points

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8
Q

Recognize the major trends of the different families with the periodic table- transition metals

A

good conductors of heat and electricity

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9
Q

Recognize the major trends of the different families with the periodic table- semi-metals/ metalloids

A

metallic and non metallic characteristics

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10
Q

Recognize the major trends of the different families with the periodic table- halogens

A

highly reactive non metals

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11
Q

Recognize the major trends of the different families with the periodic table- noble gases

A

very stable and unreactive and colourless

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12
Q

define ion and ionic charge 

A

Ion is an atom that gained or lost electrons to make a full valence shell

The ionic charge is the positive or negative charge the ion has

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13
Q

How to calculate the charge of an ion

A

The charge of an ion is equal to the number of electrons gained or lost to make a full valence shell ex= [ion] 2+ that example would mean that the Adam lost two electrons

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14
Q

Differentiate between an atom and ion

A

an atom is made up of electrons, protons and neutrons, and an ion is a special type of atom that Gander lost electrons in order to make a full valence shell

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15
Q

Determine the number of valence electrons

A

Look on the periodic table

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16
Q

How is an ionic bond formed?

A

One Adam shares electrons to the other atom and they become an ionic compound

17
Q

for an ionic compound, what types of elements are involved in how many of each element?

A

you usually have one metal and one nonmetal the number of how many can vary

18
Q

Determine the reactants and products in a chemical reaction

A

H2+O2= H2O

H2+O2 are the reactants H2O is the product of