Chem Review Acids,Bases,Salts and PH Flashcards
The common product dissociation or separation of ions of water molecules is..
H+ (Hydrogen ions)
Equal amounts of H+ and OH- (hydroxide ion)
Pure water
Acids are proton __ donors
(H+)
Acids have __ H+ concentration
HIGH
what completely dissociate in solution. They have a strong effect on pH.
Strong acids
do not completely dissociate in solution; only partial dissociation will occur.
Weak acids
what substances that dissociate in water, releasing hydroxide ions (OH-) OR take up (accept) hydrogen ions (H+).
Bases
what is a proton (H+) acceptor
A base
which solutions have low H+ concentrations
A BASE
What will readily bind any free H+ in solution and have a strong effect on pH.
Strong bases
does not completely dissociate in solution; only partial dissociation will occur
Weak Bases
is an ionic compound consisting of any cation except H+ and any anion except OH-.
A Salt
Salts are examples of
ELECTROLYTES
is an inorganic compound that dissociates into ions when placed into a solution. These ions are then able to conduct current.
An electrolyte
the concentration of H+ determines
the pH of a solution
The pH of a solution will be a value between
0 and 14.
A solution with a pH=7
is neutral
A neutral solution has an equal number of
H+ and OH- ions
Any solution that has an unequal number of H+ and OH- ions will be considered what?
either acidic or basic.
If the solution has more H+ than OH-, it will be?
an acidic solution and the pH will be less than 7.
the solution has more OH- than H+, it will be
a basic solution and the pH will be greater than 7
pH=7 is neutral it has
equal H+ and OH-
pH less than 7 is acidic has
more H + than OH-
pH greater than 7 is basic has
less H + than OH-
pH is a?
log scale not a linear scale
A buffer is composed of a
weak acid and a weak base.
what helps to minimize the change in the pH of a solution when acids or bases are added
Buffers
what resist changes in pH.
Buffers
When the pH of a solution ____ the acid of the buffer will dissociate and release H+. This addition of H+ to the solution will help to lower the pH.
increases
When the pH of a solution ____, the base of the buffer absorbs H+. This removal of H+ from the solution will help to increase the pH.
decreases,
The most important buffer in the body is the
carbonic acid ((H2CO3) / bicarbonate (HCO3-) buffering system
